Psicología (trabajo de grado)
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Publicación Barreras en la adopción de hábitos saludables en deportistas de un club de fútbol en el municipio de Copacabana(Universidad EAFIT, 2025-11-11) Arriaga Madera, Romario; Torres Cadavid, SusanaThe acquisition of healthy habits is one of the current topics that generates the greatest interest in sports and health sciences, such as psychology, especially when it involves a population that is vulnerable due to environmental factors and life changes during adolescence. This qualitative study aims to identify the barriers that interfere with the adoption of healthy habits in athletes who are part of a football club in the municipality of Copacabana. To this end, a questionnaire was used, created based on the FANTASTICO and PEPS I questionnaires, as well as the recommendations provided by the WHO. The objective is to assess the prevalence of habits and, together with interviews based on the COM-B model, to identify potential barriers to the adoption of healthy habits. The results showed a high prevalence of healthy habits and barriers mainly associated with psychological capability (knowledge). Finally, the study encourages the continuation of such research to help design and implement interventions based on education and persuasion.Publicación Manifestaciones de empatía en comentarios digitales a noticias de violencia sexista en Colombia publicadas en los últimos 10 años(Universidad EAFIT, 2025-11-14) Valencia Gómez, Sofía; Zuluaga Aristizábal, Marda UcarisThis qualitative and comparative study analyzed manifestations of empathy and their relationship with social representations and ambivalent sexism in digital comments on news about gender-based violence published in Colombia, between 2015 and 2025. A corpus of Facebook comments related to femicide and gender-violence news was examined using thematic and discourse analysis. Findings reveal a progressive decline in affective empathy, alongside an increase in sexist and counter-empathic discourses. These results indicate a shift in the social representations of gender- based violence, marked by normalization of hostile and benevolent sexism in digital environments. The study concludes that analyzing forms of empathy expressed online helps identify cultural transformations related to gender, violence and social sensitivity in the Colombian context.Publicación Influencia de la motivación laboral en la deserción laboral en empleados del sector financiero(Universidad EAFIT, 2025-11-14) Pérez Grisales, Isabela; Torrente García, María AntoniaEmployee turnover and motivation are closely linked. Robbins (2004) points out that motivation influences employee performance and retention, while Perry and Wise (1990) indicate that an adequate level of motivation depends on job expectations and outcomes. Blum (1990, cited in Abrajan, Contreras & Montoya, 2009) considers job satisfaction—resulting from motivational, emotional, and attitudinal factors—to be essential for retaining staff. Chiavenato (1999) adds that moderate turnover can be positive, although excessive turnover generates high costs, such as those associated with recruitment and training (Cascio, 2006; Allen, Bryant & Vardaman, 2010). In Antioquia, studying the relationship between motivation and employee turnover is key to designing policies that strengthen organizational stability (Kundu & Lata, 2017). This research aimed to evaluate the influence of job motivation on employee turnover in the financial sector of Antioquia. A mixed-methods design was used, combining structured surveys administered to 65 workers with semi-structured interviews conducted with five participants, allowing for the collection of both quantitative and qualitative data. The results showed positive and significant correlations between motivation, recognition, and job stability, demonstrating that employees who perceive greater appreciation for their efforts and more opportunities for professional development exhibit higher levels of commitment and satisfaction. The interviews revealed that the main motivating factors were a positive work environment, interpersonal relationships, and opportunities for professional growth, while compensation and workload were identified as the aspects with the greatest potential for improvement. In conclusion, it was determined that job motivation directly impacts employee retention, and that strengthening factors such as recognition, positive leadership, and assertive communication can help reduce turnover in the financial sector. These findings suggest the need to implement human resource management strategies focused on motivation and equity, thereby promoting organizational stability and the retention of young talent in Antioquia.Publicación Modelos psicoterapéuticos usados en el marco de la psicoterapia asistida con psicodélicos en Colombia(Universidad EAFIT, 2025-09-24) Coral Gallego, Juan David; Echeverri Álvarez, JonathanPsychedelic-assisted psychotherapy has regained relevance in clinical and academic settings due to its potential to facilitate processes of psychological and spiritual transformation. This study aimed to identify the psychotherapeutic models used by psychologists in Colombia within this field, exploring their perceptions of effectiveness, challenges, and the convergences or divergences of their approaches. A qualitative hermeneutic study was conducted, involving semi-structured interviews with five psychologists experienced in the therapeutic use of substances such as ayahuasca, psilocybin, LSD, and MDMA. The results show that participants consistently highlight the effectiveness of these interventions when accompanied by prior preparation, support during the experience, and subsequent integration, emphasizing that the substance itself does not guarantee lasting change. The main challenges identified include the lack of legal regulation, access to substances in unregulated contexts, social stigma, and the need for specialized professional training. Regarding the models employed, a diversity of approaches was found, ranging from transpersonal and Jungian to multimodal proposals and combinations with ancestral knowledge, reflecting both the richness and the complexity of the field. In conclusion, psychedelic-assisted psychotherapy in Colombia is an emerging and plural domain with high transformative potential, yet constrained by regulatory gaps and the absence of standardized protocols. This study provides a qualitative overview of current practices, underscoring the importance of advancing toward clearer ethical, cultural, and clinical frameworks that enable its responsible consolidation.Publicación Vivencia de la participación en bandas de marcha en la ciudad de Medellín y su aporte al establecimiento de espacios seguros y redes de apoyo para las personas que se identifican y no como LGBTIQ+(Universidad EAFIT, 2025-11-04) García Mosquera, Gaellert Jawlansky; Buitrago Duque, Diana CristinaThis study explores how participation in marching bands in Medellín contributes to emotional well-being, the creation of safe spaces, and the development of support networks among individuals who identify —and do not identify— as part of the LGBTIQ+ community. Using a qualitative, phenomenological perspective, semi-structured interviews were conducted with members of a local marching band to understand their lived experiences, the meanings they ascribe to participation, and the relational dynamics that emerge within this artistic setting. Findings reveal that marching bands function as spaces of self-affirmation, emotional containment, and personal growth, where art becomes a means of resistance, identity expression, and collective well-being. Nevertheless, internal tensions linked to self-demand and competition also arise, which, rather than negating the band’s protective nature, make it more complex. Overall, the results broaden the understanding of safe spaces and support networks from a dynamic perspective, in which security and well-being emerge not from the absence of conflict, but from the ability to inhabit and transform it within community.Publicación Repercusiones de los juegos gacha en la salud mental(Universidad EAFIT, 2025-11-12) Campuzano Gaviria, Luis David; Carmona Otalvaro, Juan GabrielThe general objective of this study was to explore the relationship between prolonged use of gacha games and mental health repercussions in a group of young adults from specific municipalities in Antioquia and the city of Bogotá in 2025. Using a qualitative approach and semi-structured interviews with 11 players, the research evaluated the effects on emotional well-being, social relationships, academic performance, and financial stability, as well as identifying risk and protective factors. The results reveal a complex relationship: on one hand, significant negative repercussions were found, such as a high emotional dependence on game outcomes, a tendency toward procrastination, and, critically, a considerable risk to financial stability, which can escalate into problematic spending motivated by status-seeking. On the other hand, and in contrast to prevailing literature, it was observed that gacha games can act as catalysts for the expansion of social relationships. It is concluded that while these games present serious risks to mental health, their impact is moderated by factors such as risk awareness, the player's support network, and their individual personality traits. This study provides an initial understanding of the phenomenon in the Colombian context, underscoring the need for future research and potential regulations.Publicación Análisis de las emociones que impactan en la toma de decisiones financieras en los trabajadores del sector bancario en Medellín, Antioquia(Universidad EAFIT, 2025-03-18) Vergara Taborda, Julián David; Villamizar Reyes, Milena MargaritaMaking financial decisions is not a simple process as people often believe. Although it can be assumed that a person with experience in the banking sector has greater knowledge and control when making financial decisions, emotions often end up influencing more than expected. As days go by in the work, personal, and family environment, emotions such as fear, sadness, happiness, or surprise arise, which can alter the way individuals act when facing financial decisions. This work arises from the need to understand how emotions impact the financial decisions of a group of people who work in the banking sector in Medellín, that is, individuals who, due to their professional context, are usually perceived as having sufficient knowledge when making economic decisions. However, when analyzing their narratives and responses, it becomes evident that they also face doubts, uncertainty, or even emotional satisfaction, depending on the situation. For this reason, a qualitative approach was adopted that allowed not only the collection of data, but also the ways in which participants express what they feel when making decisions. The aim was not to count responses, but to understand the emotional background behind them. The findings allow us to affirm that financial decisions cannot be discussed without taking into account the emotional aspect, since, in the end, deciding is not only about thinking, but also about feeling.Publicación Comprendiendo las implicaciones del trabajo sexual en la salud sexual y reproductiva de las trabajadoras sexuales de Medellín(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Maya Navarrete, Lucía; Pérez Echeverri, Alejandra; Zuluaga Aristizábal, Marda UcarisThis qualitative study aimed to understand the impact of sexual and reproductive health on cisgender female sex workers in Medellín. Seven participants were interviewed using semi-structured interviews, and their narratives were analyzed thematically. Findings revealed unequal health knowledge, limited access to services, and strong social stigma. Most participants relied on personal experience for self-care and lacked institutional support. Emotional ties were focused on children, with minimal external support networks. Perceptions of sex work varied, ranging from empowerment to emotional burden. The study highlights the need for inclusive public policies and context-sensitive health strategiesPublicación Abandonados por sus padres, acogidos por las drogas(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Villa Parra, Andrés Felipe; Orejuela Gómez, Johnny JavierPublicación Vivencia subjetiva de la masculinidad y su impacto en la salud mental en un grupo de hombres de una universidad privada de la ciudad de Medellín(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Parra Díez, Ana María; Peralta Orellana, Mariana; Carmona Otálvaro, Juan GabrielMasculinity permeates men's lives and has a substantial impact on their experiences. However, hegemonic masculinity has continuously determined and conditioned men's behaviors and expressions, constructing an ideal of the “masculine man” who rejects the expression of emotions and feelings and discourages and stigmatizes them when they seek help. The social pressure and behavioral expectations imposed on men create an unhealthy construct in which they are expected to ignore their own needs in order to fit the mold of the stronger sex or, as Connell (1995) describes it, a real man. Through a phenomenological case design, this research seeks to explore, describe, and understand the experiences of a group of men concerning the subjective experience of their masculinity and its influence on their mental health. In other words, to give voice and space to diverse experiences of “what it means to be a man.”Publicación La influencia de las exigencias estéticas del ballet clásico en el desarrollo de trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en bailarinas de ballet clásico de la ciudad de Medellín, Colombia(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Puerta Villegas, Juanita; Díez, Paula AndreaThis qualitative study explores how the demands of classical ballet might influence the development of eating disorders (ED) among classical ballet dancers in Medellín, Colombia. Findings suggest that many dancers experience restrictive eating patterns and a deep internalization of ballet’s aesthetic ideals, potentially leading to ongoing concerns about their weight and physical appearance. Although no clinical diagnoses of ED were identified, behavioral patterns observed may increase the risk of developing such conditions. This study highlights the need for psychological interventions in Ballet academies to improve dancers' body image and relationship with food, and it suggests a reevaluation of aesthetic standards in Ballet to promote healthier practices.Publicación Ansiedad social en estudiantes de psicología de la Universidad EAFIT : promedios, manifestaciones y factores de riesgo(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) De Greiff Londoño, Eloísa; Vásquez, AndrésSocial anxiety disorder (SAD) is one of the most common disorders in adolescents and young adults, and it impairs social interactions and the daily functioning of those who suffer from it. This study explored the prevalence, manifestations, and risk factors of this disorder in 65 first- and second-semester undergraduate students in Psychology at EAFIT University in Medellín, Colombia, between January and April 2025. A non-experimental quantitative questionnaire with scales ranging from 0 to 4 was used to measure anxiety and avoidance levels in contexts of daily interaction, social performance, and intimate and evaluative interactions, as well as students' emotional well-being and academic performance. The results showed that social anxiety levels among the surveyed students increased in public performance situations, up to 14%, and that approximately 80% had social skills and support networks that could mitigate SAD, which impacted their emotional well-being and academic performance.Publicación Dinámicas de poder criminal y resocialización en personas privadas de la libertad en Colombia revisión : entre 2015 y 2025(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Pérez Múnera, Isabela; Manrique Tisnés, HoracioObjective: To review what has been documented about the influence of power dynamics among incarcerated individuals on the process of prison resocialization in Colombia, with an emphasis on the psychological effects within Colombian penitentiary institutions, based on articles published between 2015 and 2025. Method: A qualitative systematic literature review was conducted, focusing on articles that examine the interaction between internal power dynamics and resocialization programs in Colombian penitentiary institutions, as well as the psychological effects of these interactions. Only full-text articles available in Spanish and English were included. Results: The qualitative systematic review revealed that affiliation with criminal groups in prison hinders participation in resocialization programs and perpetuates a criminal culture. These power dynamics have psychological impacts on inmates, generating stress, anxiety, and reinforcement of criminal identity. Furthermore, a lack of clear state strategies addressing the psychosocial effects of these dynamics was identified, reflecting a punitive approach that limits the effectiveness of resocialization in the Colombian prison system. Conclusion: Resocialization in Colombian prisons is hindered by power dynamics among inmates, institutional shortcomings, and the absence of context-specific interventions, which perpetuates criminal behavior rather than transforming it.Publicación Representaciones sociales del transporte público en Bello Oriente : malestar urbano, exclusión y salud mental(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Royo Diaz, Sebastián; Guiral Quinchia, Julián AndrésThis article presents a preliminary analysis of the social representations on public transportation in the Bello Oriente neighborhood (Medellin), identifying factors of psychological discomfort, inequalities in access, long travel times, as well as perceptions differentiated by gender and age. These results allow us to understand possible relationships between public transportation and how it impacts the quality of life in contexts of social exclusion, as well as to raise awareness of these problems, and to promote future interventions.Publicación Los efectos de las cargas laborales en la salud mental de los trabajadores en Colombia(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Marín Zapata, Simón Jairo; Villamizar Reyes, Milena MargaritaThe main focus of this study is to present the current state of research on workload and the possible effects on mental health of workers in Colombia based on psychosocial risk factors in organizations and their main consequences. For this purpose, a balance of the studies found related to the subject will be made from the following categories: General purpose of the research, key words, types of studies, main results.Publicación Factores contribuyentes en el desarrollo de liderazgos femeninos relacionados con contextos de vulnerabilidad en Colombia(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Algarín David, Gabriela Alejandra; Lemos Hoyos, MariantoniaPublicación Actitudes y conocimientos de los psicólogos en formación frente a los psicodélicos en Colombia(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Restrepo Arias, Manuel; Cuartas Arias, Jorge MauricioPublicación Detrás del juego : explorando la experiencia psicológica de parejas sentimentales de personas ludópatas(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Blanco Aljuri, Johanna Marcela; Manrique Tisnes, HoracioPublicación Ansiedad existencial en testigos visuales de suicidio en las ciudades de Medellín y Pereira(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Toro Álvarez, Kelly; Carmona Otálvaro, Juan GabrielPublicación Patrones de conducta en adicciones comportamentales : un estudio sobre las problemáticas asociadas a las adicciones no químicas(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Botero Jaramillo , Camila; Cuartas Arias, Jorge Mauricio