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10 Challenges for the Specification of Self-Adaptive Software
(IEEE, 2018-01-01) Munoz-Fernandez, JC; Mazo, R; Salinesi, C; Tamura, G; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
The demand for systems that continue on operation by adapting themselves in response to disturbing changes in their environment has increased in the last decades. Those systems, termed self-adaptive software (SAS) systems, should be developed with techniques and methods appropriated for analysing and designing this kind of systems, starting from the requirements phase. Several contributions propose approaches to improve the specification of requirements for those systems. This paper aims to review the most significant challenges still open in the domains of languages for requirements specification and methods for model verification of self-adaptive systems, independently of their particular application areas. More concretely, the main contribution of this paper is a list of ten challenges to achieve a better-defined specification of requirements for SAS systems, and a more effective verification of such specifications. These challenges are well worthy of being addressed in both communities, the requirements engineering (RE) and the SAS one.
2D simulation flue implementing the lattice-boltzmann method
(TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD, 2014-01-01) Ruiz, D.B.; Mesa, A.A.; Alvis, R.G.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
Currently in the process of engineering, but increasingly implemented simulation methods since they are an economical and feasible to predict the behavior of some variable you wish to benefit. The problem of fluid simulation is a broad field of study, traditionally in this area are implemented domain discretization methods, volumes, differences or finite elements (Computational Fluid Dynamics), in this work, a different approach where the discretization is made on the physical properties of fluid and the fluid for reconstruction from its microscopic properties, simulating these, propagating Boltzmann distribution functions for the grid of nodes, this set is comprised of a fluid group of nodes, nodes fluid the border and nodes structure, docked the method to the boundary conditions necessary to simulate Glycerol in a pipe. © (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland.
A debugging scheme for functional logic programs
(Elsevier BV, 2002-01-01) Alpuente, M.; Correa, F.; Falaschi, M.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias; Lógica y Computación
We present a generic scheme for the declarative debugging of functional logic programs which is valid for eager as well as lazy programs. In particular we show that the framework extends naturally some previous work and applies to the most modern lazy strategies, such as needed narrowing. First we associate to our programs a semantics based on a (continuous) immediate consequence operator, TR, which models computed answers. We show that, given the intended specification of a program R, it is possible to check the correctness of R by a single step of TR. We consider then a more effective methodology which is based on abstract interpretation: by approximating the intended specification of the success set we derive a finitely terminating diagnosis method, which can be used statically and is parametric w.r.t. to the chosen approximation. In order to correct the bugs, we sketch a preliminary deductive approach which uses example-guided unfolding. We specialize the incorrect rules w.r.t. sets of positive and negative examples which are gathered (bottom-up) during the diagnosis process, so that all refutations of negative examples and no refutation of positive examples are excluded. Our debugging framework does not require the user to either provide error symptoms in advance or answer difficult questions concerning program correctness. We extend an implementation of our system to the case of needed narrowing and illustrate it through some examples which demonstrate the practicality of our approach. © 2002 Published by Elsevier Science B.V.
A possible hypercomputational quantum algorithm
(SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2005-01-01) Sicard, A; Velez, M; Ospina, J; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias; Lógica y Computación
The term `hypermachine' denotes any data processing device (theoretical or that can be implemented) capable of carrying out tasks that cannot be performed by a Turing machine. We present a possible quantum algorithm for a classically non-computable decision problem, Hilbert's tenth problem; more specifically, we present a possible hypercomputation model based on quantum computation. Our algorithm is inspired by the one proposed by Tien D. Kieu, but we have selected the infinite square well instead of the (one-dimensional) simple harmonic oscillator as the underlying physical system. Our model exploits the quantum adiabatic process and the characteristics of the representation of the dynamical Lie algebra su(1, 1) associated to the infinite square well.
Achieving object persistence in an augmented reality indoor environment
(2003-01-01) Gutiérrez, M.D.; Márquez, A.M.; Trefftz, H.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
In this paper we present a system for achieving object persistence in Augmented Reality Indoors Environments. In AR systems based on the Augmented Reality toolkit without object persistence, virtual objects appear and disappear as the corresponding pattern gets in and out of the user's field of view. Object persistence allows the environment to remember the relative position and orientation of virtual objects, making them appear more stable to the user. We describe object persistence as a series of transformations applied to the objects in a simple indoor environment. We then present the results of a quantitative experiment that shows how interactivity is improved by the use of object persistency.
Adaptive architecture to support context-aware Collaborative Networked Virtual Surgical Simulators (CNVSS)
(SPRINGER, 2014-01-01) Diaz, C.; Trefftz, H.; Quintero, L.; Acosta, D.; Srivastava, S.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
Stand-alone and networked surgical virtual reality based simulators have been proposed as means to train surgical skills with or without a supervisor nearby the student or trainee. However, surgical skills teaching in medicine schools and hospitals is changing, requiring the development of new tools to focus on: (i) importance of mentors role, (ii) teamwork skills and (iii) remote training support. For these reasons a surgical simulator should not only allow the training involving a student and an instructor that are located remotely, but also the collaborative training session involving a group of several students adopting different medical roles during the training session. Collaborative Networked Virtual Surgical Simulators (CNVSS) allow collaborative training of surgical procedures where remotely located users with different surgical roles can take part in a training session. Several works have addressed the issues related to the development of CNVSS using various strategies. To the best of our knowledge no one has focused on handling heterogeneity in collaborative surgical virtual environments. Handling heterogeneity in this type of collaborative sessions is important because not all remotely located users have homogeneous Internet connections, nor the same interaction devices and displays, nor the same computational resources, among other factors. Additionally, if heterogeneity is not handled properly, it will have an adverse impact on the performance of each user during the collaborative session. In this paper we describe the development of an adaptive architecture with the purpose of implementing a context-aware model for collaborative virtual surgical simulation in order to handle the heterogeneity involved in the collaboration session. © 2014 Springer International Publishing.
Adaptive LAMDA applied to identify and regulate a process with variable dead time
(Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc., 2020-01-01) Morales L.; Pozo D.; Aguilar J.; Rosales A.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
In this paper, an adaptive intelligent controller based on the fuzzy algorithm called LAMDA (Learning Algorithm for Multivariable Data Analysis) is presented in order to identify and regulate a process with variable dead time. The original algorithm has been used for supervised and unsupervised learning, whose main field of application is the identification of functional states of the systems. In this work a modification of LAMDA has been implemented which is capable of online learning using hybrid techniques. The proposal consists of two stages: training stage to learn about the unknown plant in order to establish initial parameters to the controller, and a second phase, called application, in which the control strategy is updated using online learning. The proposed method is tested in the control objective of regulation of a process with variable dead time, to analyze the viability of its utilization in these types of systems in which their dynamics are variable and unknown. © 2020 IEEE.
Agents as tutors in augmented reality
(2003-01-01) Álvarez, N.; Trefftz, H.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
Interaction between virtual entities and human beings should be similar to the normal interaction between human beings. Verbal interaction is the usual way of interaction among humans, but the interfaces that allow verbal communication between a human being and an agent (virtual human) have a limited vocabulary, need a lot of training and are expensive. In this paper we propose an Augmented Reality System with an unidirectional interface between an agent and a person. By using gestures, animations and adequate texts the agent can show a user how to perform a simple task. We hope that the tests to be conducted will show how useful this unidirectional interface is.
Analysis of a generalized model for influenza including differential susceptibility due to immunosuppression
(SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2014-01-01) Hincapié, D.; Ospina, J.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias; Lógica y Computación
Recently, a mathematical model of pandemic influenza was proposed including typical control strategies such as antivirals, vaccination and school closure; and considering explicitly the effects of immunity acquired from the early outbreaks on the ulterior outbreaks of the disease. In such model the algebraic expression for the basic reproduction number (without control strategies) and the effective reproduction number (with control strategies) were derived and numerically estimated. A drawback of this model of pandemic influenza is that it ignores the effects of the differential susceptibility due to immunosuppression and the effects of the complexity of the actual contact networks between individuals. We have developed a generalized model which includes such effects of heterogeneity. Specifically we consider the influence of the air network connectivity in the spread of pandemic influenza and the influence of the immunosuppresion when the population is divided in two immune classes. We use an algebraic expression, namely the Tutte polynomial, to characterize the complexity of the contact network. Until now, The influence of the air network connectivity in the spread of pandemic influenza has been studied numerically, but not algebraic expressions have been used to summarize the level of network complexity. The generalized model proposed here includes the typical control strategies previously mentioned (antivirals, vaccination and school closure) combined with restrictions on travel. For the generalized model the corresponding reproduction numbers will be algebraically computed and the effect of the contact network will be established in terms of the Tutte polynomial of the network. © 2014 Copyright SPIE.
Analysis of the boundary conditions for pyramidal spine fins in extended surface heat transfer
(WITPress, 2014-01-01) Carranza, R.G.; Ospina, J.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias; Lógica y Computación
Many studies are conducted for pyramidal spine fins relating to temperature profiles and fin efficiencies. However, it is found that a deeper look into the boundary conditions is required. The conditions at the base are simple enough, but the conditions at the tip are more complicated. Despite what condition is applied to the tip, the value at the tip actually has a specific value that is a function of the square root of the Biot number. This result is proven using basic principles from calculus, like the Limit and L’Hospital’s rule. © 2014 WIT Press.
Analytical solution for transient flow of a generalized bingham fluid with memory in a movable tube using computer algebra
(SPRINGER, 2007-01-01) Ospina, Juan; Velez, Mario; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias; Lógica y Computación
A rheological linear model for a certain generalized Bingham fluid with rheological memory, which flows in a movable tube is proposed and analytically solved. The model is a system of two linear and coupled partial differential equations with integral memory. We apply the Laplace transform method making the inverse transform by means of the Bromwich integral and the theorem of residues and the analytical solution are obtained using computer algebra. We deduce the explicit forms of the velocity and stress profiles for the generalized Bingham fluid in terms of Bessel and Struve functions. Various limit cases are obtained and the standard Hagen-Poiseuille and Buckingham-Reiner equations are recovered from more general equations. This works shows the powerful of Maple to solve complex rheological problems in an analytical form as it is presented here by the first time. © Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007.
APPLIES: a framework for evaluAting organization's motivation and Preparation for adoPting product LInEs
(IEEE, 2018-01-01) Rincon, L; Mazo, R; Salinesi, C; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
In the software industry, product Lines has emerged as an attractive approach to perform planned reuse. Nevertheless, a product line solution is not appropriate for all the cases and requires some conditions to be implemented successfully. The literature offers several contributions regarding the adoption of product lines. However, only a few of these support decision-makers for taking well-informed decisions in favor or against following this approach. This paper presents APPLIES, a framework to (i) detect signals that could motivate an organization to adopt a product line approach (ii) assess to what extent a company is prepared for supporting the practices necessary to adopt a product line. APPLIES is grounded in a thematic analysis of the literature and was preliminarily evaluated with two experts through a survey and an interview. The results of the evaluation provide us insights to create an improved version of the proposal following a design-science method.
APPLIES: A framework for evaluAting organization's motivation and preparation for adopting product lines
(IEEE Computer Society, 2018-01-01) Rincón, L.; Mazo, R.; Salinesi, C.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
In the software industry, product Lines has emerged as an attractive approach to perform planned reuse. Nevertheless, a product line solution is not appropriate for all the cases and requires some conditions to be implemented successfully. The literature offers several contributions regarding the adoption of product lines. However, only a few of these support decision-makers for taking well-informed decisions in favor or against following this approach. This paper presents APPLIES, a framework to (i) detect signals that could motivate an organization to adopt a product line approach (ii) assess to what extent a company is prepared for supporting the practices necessary to adopt a product line. APPLIES is grounded in a thematic analysis of the literature and was preliminarily evaluated with two experts through a survey and an interview. The results of the evaluation provide us insights to create an improved version of the proposal following a design-science method. © 2018 IEEE.
Automatic detection of number-plate and traffic infractions of motorcyclists by Intelligent Transportation Systems
(IOP PUBLISHING LTD, 2020-01-01) Valencia, J.F.; Ramírez-Guerrero, T.; Castãeda, L.F.; Toro, M.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
Public Transportation Strategic Systems are a digital transformation for the urban transportation service in the Colombian medium-size cities, from 200,000 to 600,000 inhabitants. The implementation of the urban public transportation services has not started in many cities; as a result, this cities in Colombia have an increase of illegal motorcycle taxis, which cause a high number of road accidents. The main method for controlling illegal motorcycle taxis is by giving the drivers transit fines. In order to give such transit fines, transit police have several control points in medium-size cities. In this article, we developed a mobile application to detect three types of transit infractions usually committed by motorcycle taxi drivers. The purpose of this application is to be a tool for the transit police agents to disincentivize the use of motorcycle taxis. The mobile application detects a possible transit infraction, saves the photo, motorcycle plate number, date, and time. Afterwards, the application generates a support for the transit infractions that will be issued by the transit police officer. We performed an experiment using this mobile application in the city of Valledupar, Colombia. The mobile application captured 40 possible transit infractions. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd.
Basic reproductive rate of a spatial epidemic model using computer algebra software
(2005-01-01) Doracelly Hincapié, P.; Juan Ospina, G.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias; Lógica y Computación
Using computer algebra software we obtain the basic reproductive rate corresponding to the propagation of a directly transmitted disease in a circular habitat when the disease is endemic at the boundary. The method used is the Laplace Transform Technique and calculus of residues. The results that were obtained include both the explicit form of the R0 for the boundary condition that was considered, as the explicit symbolic solution of the model equation. The method that was used can be extended to other more complex problems such as indirectly transmitted diseases with one or more intermediary hosts or effects of genetic, immunological, geographical or social heterogeneity in the human population. This application indicates that the computer algebra software for symbolic computation has a very promissory future in mathematical epidemiology.
Bdeafit: Una arquitectura para la construcción de bibliotecas digitales y su integración
(International Institute of Informatics and Systemics, IIIS, 2014-01-01) Montoya, E.N.; Giraldo, J.I.; Ruiz, M.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
BDNG: A dublin core-based architecture for digital libraries
(2005-01-01) Montoya, E.; Ruiz, M.; Giraldo, J.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
Digital Libraries will be one of the main ways to access structured information through the Internet. Information related to resources or objects is known as metadata. Several metadata models have been proposed; however, the model proposed by the Dublin Core Metadata Initiative (DCMI) [1] has demonstrated great utility in digital libraries. The simplicity and generality of DCMI has facilitated the deployment of digital libraries and their interoperability. This paper proposes DCMI as metadata model in our own Digital Library Architecture (Biblioteca Digital de Nueva Generación -BDNG). We have extended DCMI and used some elements of DC-Library application profile (DC-Lib) [2] in addition to new elements not previously considered. This paper presents the metadata models for the following applications: digital library of EAFIT University (BDEeafit), integration of digital or referential libraries (BDMetaLib) and digital library for E-Learning systems (BDEI). This paper also describes the general architecture of BDNG.
CME – A web application framework learning technique based on concerns, micro-learning and examples
(SPRINGER, 2018-01-01) Correa, D.; Isaza, F.A.; Mazo, R.; Giraldo, G.L.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
Nowadays the use of Web Application Frameworks has been the default choice to develop software applications inside the web domain. These frameworks provide many benefits such as: faster development, enhanced security, and clearer structure of code. However, web application frameworks have a high learning curve and each time someone wants to learn a framework, a recurrent question arises: How to reduce that learning curve and be able to use a new web application framework in a short time? Several learning techniques have been used in the context of frameworks; for instance, example-based learning, tutorials, cookbooks, and tools. Nevertheless, those approaches have their own limitations and the question about what is the best way to learn soon those frameworks remains open. In this paper, we introduce a new web application framework learning technique called CME (Concerns, Micro-learning and Examples). This technique defines a customized learning path that a novice developer should follow to learn to use a web application framework. The learning path was built as a mix of concerns, micro-learning and example-based learning concepts. To validate this technique, we carry out a quasi-experiment about a web application framework learning and the development of small web applications with: (i) the use of CME and (ii) the use of a cookbook. The quasi-experiment results showed preliminary evidence that when using CME, novice developers become more operational to develop small web applications in a reduced period of time compared with the use of a cookbook. © Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2018.
Collaborative and distributed augmented reality in teaching multi-variate calculus
(2006-01-01) Orozco, C.; Esteban, P.; Trefftz, H.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
This article presents the first results of using an Augmented Reality (AR) tool, designed to support tutoring sessions in multi-variate calculus. The tool is used either in a face-to-face setting in which the instructor and the students are collocated or in a distance setting, in which the instructor and students are physically in remote places. The tool was used with two groups of students of Differential Calculus. The students had not been exposed to the concept of equations involving 3 variables and the corresponding surfaces in space. The experience explored how students generalized 2D graphics and equations with their 3D surfaces counterparts with the help of the tool.
A collaborative tool for synchronous distance education
(2004-01-01) Agudelo, A.; Escobar, L.; Restrepo, J.; Quiroz, A.; Trefftz, H.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Sistemas; I+D+I en Tecnologías de la Información y las Comunicaciones
In this paper we report results of the use of a telepresence application in a simulated distance education setting. The application combines video-conference with a networked virtual environment in which the instructor and the students can experiment with virtual object in a collaborative manner. The teaching for Understanding (TFU) framework is used as the pedagogical approach. Current preliminary results show that the combination of the telepresence application with TFU, can compensate for the lack of physical presence of the instructor in the classroom.

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