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https://hdl.handle.net/10784/5095

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Endophytic microbial diversity associated with commercial cultivar and crop wild relative banana variety could provide clues for microbial community management
(Elsevier, 2024-08-02) Posada, Luisa F.; Arteaga-Figueroa, Luis A.; Adarve-Rengifo, Isabel; Cadavid, Maria; Zapata, Sebastián; Álvarez, Javier C.; Pontificia Universidad Javeriana; Universidad EAFIT; Asociación de Bananeros de Colombia, AUGURA
Endophytes, microorganisms inhabiting internal plant tissues, play a pivotal role in plant growth and disease resistance. Moreover, previous studies have established that Musa plants derive disease protective functions from their microbiome. Notably, one of the crop wild relatives of banana, the Calcutta 4 variety, exhibits resistance to various phytopathogens such as Pseudocercospora fijiensis (P. fijiensis), while the Williams commercial cultivar (cv.) is highly susceptible. Therefore, this study aims primarily to characterize and compare the endophytic microbiota composition of Calcutta 4 and Williams banana plants when grown sympatrically. Alongside, differences in endophytic microbiome between plant sections (shoot or roots), growth phases (in vitro or greenhouse) and fitness factors such as the addition of plant growth-promoting bacteria Bacillus subtilis EA-CB0575 (T2 treatment) or infection by P. fijiensis (T3 treatment) were examined. Both culture-dependent and -independent techniques were used to evaluate these differences and assess the culturability of banana endophytes under varying conditions. Microbial cultures resulted in 331 isolates distributed across 54 genera when all treatments were evaluated, whereas 16 S sequencing produced 9510 ASVs assigned in 1456 genera. Alpha and beta diversity exhibited significant differences based on plant section, with an increase in phylogenetic diversity observed in plants with pathogen infection (T3) compared to control plants (T1). Additionally, four differentially abundant genera associated with nitrogen metabolism were identified in T3 plants and seven genera showed differential abundance when comparing varieties. When culture-dependent and -independent methods were compared, it was found that isolates represented 3.7 % of the genera detected by culture-independent methods, accounting for 12–41 % of the total data depending on the treatment. These results are crucial for proposing management strategies derived from crop wild relatives to enhance the resilience of susceptible commercial varieties against fitness factors affecting crop development. Additionally, they help to decipher the pathogenic effects of P. fijiensis in banana plants and advance the understanding of how plant domestication influences the endosphere.
Combining cyclic lipopeptides and cinnamon extract enhance antifungal activity against Fusarium oxysporum strains pathogenic to banana and delay Fusarium wilt under greenhouse conditions
(Springer, 2024-08-26) Ramírez-Mejía, Julieta M.; Aguilera-Galvez, Carolina; Kema, Gert H. J.; Valencia-Riascos, Luisa M; Zapata-Henao, Sebastián; Gómez, Luis A.; Villegas-Escobar, Valeska; Asociación de Bananeros de Colombia, AUGURA; Universidad EAFIT; Wageningen University and Research
Fusarium wilt of banana (FWB) caused by the soil-borne fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is a widely distributed disease that generates devastating losses in banana production. Foc belongs to the Fusarium oxysporum species complex (FOSC) which includes several evolutionary lineages. Nine of them are pathogenic to banana such as F. phialophorum, F. grosmichelli, F. duoseptatum and the most aggressive F. odoratissimum tropical race 4 (TR4). No control method has been successfully implemented to manage FWB, then enhancing the potential of management approaches can avoid or delay disease epidemics and reduce disease severity. Here we determined the antifungal effect of different plant-based extracts against Foc in vitro, and whether the combination of cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum) extract and Bacillus tequilensis EA-CB0015 cyclic lipopeptides had an additive effect against different Foc lineages in vitro and against FWB in banana plants in greenhouse. We found, from 17 plant-based natural extracts, that cinnamon was highly active against Foc strain IB (race 1). Furthermore, cinnamon and cyclic lipopeptides inhibited different strains of various evolutionary lineages of Foc belonging to race 1 and TR4, and their combination increased in 1.4-fold the effect of the single extracts in vitro. Our results showed that soil concentration of F. odoratissimum TR4-II5 decreased by 1000-fold when treated with the combination of 488 mg L−1 cinnamon and 128 mg L−1 lipopeptides in a soil microcosm system after 5 days of incubation, followed by a partial population recovery after 21 days. In greenhouse experiments, the combination reduced external but not internal FWB symptoms, and cinnamon extract had a significant impact on internal plant symptoms. Taken together, the effect of cyclic lipopeptides with cinnamon extract on Foc supports their function towards delaying the effect of disease progression and suggests that the combination enhances the effect of the single extracts.
Evaluation of the application of suspensions of iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles functionalized with quaternized chitosan and phosphates on yellow maize and chili pepper plants
(Springer, 2024-01-02) Velásquez Torres, Álvaro Andrés; Urquijo, J. P.; Montoya, Y. A.; Susunaga, D. M.; Villanueva-Mejía, D. F.; Universidad EAFIT; Universidad de Antioquia
We have applied aqueous suspensions of magnetite-maghemite nanoparticles functionalized with quaternized chitosan and phosphate groups on yellow maize (Zea Mays) and chili pepper (Capsicum annuum) plants, at greenhouse conditions, to evaluate if any beneficial or adverse effects are produced by these nanocomposites in the development of these kind of plants at morphological and physiological level. Phytotoxicity assays with yellow maize seeds showed excellent germination percentages in all treatments evaluated, as well as increasing indicators of biomass and root length of germinated seeds for suspensions of nanoparticles with iron contents up to 50 ppm. Suspensions of nanoparticles with iron contents higher than 50 ppm led to decreasing indicators of biomass and root length of germinated seeds compared to lower iron contents. Iron contents of 100 ppm showed indicators lower than those of the control, suggesting phytotoxic effect of these nanocomposites for iron contents above 100 ppm. Measurements of morphological and physiological parameters of plants of both crops in greenhouse conditions, treated with suspensions of nanoparticles with iron-phosphorus contents of 25 − 3, 35 − 4 and 45 − 5 ppm, commercial fertilizer as positive control and tap water as a negative control did not evidence any phytotoxic or beneficial effect. The results suggest that, although these nanocomposites did not have a noticeable effect as vehicles of micro and macro nutrients as iron and phosphorus in the evaluated plants, they did not produce phytotoxic effects on them at the morphological and physiological level for iron contents less than 50 ppm, as they showed adequate growth and development.
Lipopeptides from Bacillus tequilensis EA-CB0015 and cinnamon extract decrease the bioenergetic response of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. Cubense
(Springer, 2024-09) Ramírez-Mejía, Julieta M.; Villegas-Escobar, Valeska; Gómez, Luis A.; Asociación de Bananeros de Colombia, AUGURA; Universidad EAFIT
Lipopeptides (LPs) from B. tequilensis EA-CB0015 have antifungal activity against Fusarium species. Specifically, against F. oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc), the cause of Fusarium wilt of banana. Cinnamon (CN) extract is also known for its inhibitory activity against the Fusarium genus. The main goal of this research was to determine whether the effect of LPs and CN extract or their combination against a Foc isolate is related to an impairment of mitochondrial function. Our results show that biomass decreased by 74% (p < 0.0001) and 84% (p < 0.0001) when cultures were treated with 128 ppm LPs and 152.5 ppm CN extract, respectively. In parallel, we found a pronounced impairment of the bioenergetic response. That is, the routine oxygen consumption rate diminished by 55% (p = 0.0148) and 38% (p < 0.0001), respectively. Moreover, the ATP-linked respiratory rate decreased by 63% (p = 0.0461) and 44% (p = 0.0005), while the FCCP-simulated respiratory rate by 63% (p = 0.0255) and 45% (p = 0.0002). Therefore, our data suggest that the altered bioenergetic response observed in cultures of Foc treated with LPs or CN is mainly caused by an impairment of the activity of the respiratory complexes. On the other hand, biomass production was reduced by 80% (p < 0.0001) when cultures were treated with a mixture comprising only 10% LPs and 40% CN extract. Furthermore, ATP-linked and FCCP-stimulated respiratory rates decreased by 62% (p = 0.0024) and 68% (p < 0.0001), respectively under the same conditions. A potentially synergistic antifungal effect of cyclic LPs with a CN extract is suggested.
REMOCIÓN DE CROMO DE EFLUENTES LÍQUIDOS, ENTORNO AL CONCEPTO ZERI.
(Editorial Alcion S.A., 2002-08-01) Gil, Edison Hernán; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
Using scrap zero valent iron to replace dissolved iron in the Fenton process for textile wastewater treatment: Optimization and assessment of toxicity and biodegradability
(Elsevier Ltd., 2019-09-01) GilPavas, Edison; Correa-Sanchez, Santiago; Acosta, Diego A.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
A Fenton like advanced oxidation process (AOP) employing scrap zerovalent iron (SZVI) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) was studied for industrial textile wastewater treatment from a textile manufacturing plant located at Medellin, Colombia (South America). The wastewater effluent studied contains a mixture of organic compounds resistant to conventional treatments. The effect of initial pH and SZVI concentration and H2O2 concentration were studied by a response surface methodology (RSM) Box-Behnken design of experiment (BBD). The combined SZVI/H2O2 process led to reductions of 95% color, 76% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 71% of total organic carbon (TOC) at optimal operating conditions of pH = 3, SZVI = 2000 mg/L and [H2O2] = 24.5 mM. Molecular weight distribution measurement (MWD), ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, HPLC, biodegradability and toxicity were used to characterize the pollutants after the treatment process finding that the resulting effluent was polluted mostly by low molecular weight carboxylic acids. A remarkable biodegradability enhancement of the effluent was evidenced by a BOD5/COD ratio increase from 0.22 to 0.4; also, the SZVI/H2O2 process successfully reduced the toxicity from 60% to 20% of dead A. Salina crustaceans. (C) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
FOTODEGRADACIÓN DE FENOLES EN AGUAS RESIDUALES INDUSTRIALES.
(Editorial Alcion S.A., 2002-06-01) Gil, Edison Hernán; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
Electrochemical degradation of acid yellow 23 by anodic oxidation: optimization of operating parameters
(American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), 2016-11-01) Gil, Edison Hernán; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
FOTO-OXIDACIÓN DEL SISTEMA CROMO HEXAVALENTE-4-CLOROFENOL
(Fondo Editorial Universidad EAFIT, 2003-05-01) Gil, Edison Hernán; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
Degradación de colorantes de aguas residuales empleando UV/TiO2/H2O2/Fe2
(Fondo Editorial Universidad EAFIT, 2007-03-01) Gil, Edison Hernán; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
Gestión humana de orientación analítica: un camino para la responsabilización
(FUNDACAO GETULIO VARGAS, 2016-01-01) LOPERA, ISABEL CRISTINA; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
Approximation of the mechanical response of large lattice domains using homogenization and design of experiments
(Universitatea Politehnica Bucuresti, 2020-01-01) Montoya-Zapata D.; Acosta D.A.; Cortés C.; Pareja-Corcho J.; Moreno A.; Posada J.; Ruiz-Salguero O.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
Lattice-based workpieces contain patterned repetition of individuals of a basic topology (Schwarz, ortho-walls, gyroid, etc.) with each individual having distinct geometric grading. In the context of the design, analysis and manufacturing of lattice workpieces, the problem of rapidly assessing the mechanical behavior of large domains is relevant for pre-evaluation of designs. In this realm, two approaches can be identified: (1) numerical simulations which usually bring accuracy but limit the size of the domains that can be studied due to intractable data sizes, and (2) material homogenization strategies that sacrifice precision to favor efficiency and allow for simulations of large domains. Material homogenization synthesizes diluted material properties in a lattice, according to the volume occupancy factor of such a lattice. Preliminary publications show that material homogenization is reasonable in predicting displacements, but is not in predicting stresses (highly sensitive to local geometry). As a response to such shortcomings, this paper presents a methodology that systematically uses design of experiments (DOE) to produce simple mathematical expressions (meta-models) that relate the stress-strain behavior of the lattice domain and the displacements of the homogeneous domain. The implementation in this paper estimates the von Mises stress in large Schwarz primitive lattice domains under compressive loads. The results of our experiments show that (1) material homogenization can efficiently and accurately approximate the displacements field, even in complex lattice domains, and (2) material homogenization and DOE can produce rough estimations of the von Mises stress in large domains (more than 100 cells). The errors in the von Mises stress estimations reach 42% for domains of up to 24 cells. This result means that coarse stress-strain estimations may be possible in lattice domains by combining DOE and homogenized material properties. This option is not suitable for precise stress prediction in sensitive contexts wherein high accuracy is needed. Future work is required to refine the meta-models to improve the accuracies of the estimations. © 2020 by the authors.
METODO ACOPLADO FISICOQUIMICO Y BIOLÓGICO PARA LA DEGRADACIÓN DE CIANURO
(2008-11-01) Gil, Edison Hernán; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
FOTOCATÁLISIS: UNA ALTERNATIVA VIABLEPARA LA ELIMINACIÓN DE COMPUESTOS ORGÁNICOS
(Fondo Editorial Universidad EAFIT, 2002-01-01) Gil, Edison Hernán; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
Assessment of the optimized treatment of indigo-polluted industrial textile wastewater by a sequential electrocoagulation-activated carbon adsorption process
(Elsevier Ltd, 2020-01-01) GilPavas E.; Correa-Sanchez S.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
Wastewater collected from a local jean manufacturing plant was treated using an electrocoagulation process (EC) coupled with activated carbon (AC) adsorption. The process variables were optimized using multivariate regression coupled with nonlinear programming with nonlinear restrictions to achieve the lowest possible cost while keeping a high enough degradation rate for chemical oxygen demand (COD), color, and turbidity to fulfill the Colombian environmental regulation requirements. Under optimal conditions (pH = 5.4, s =2 mS/cm, j =14 mA/cm2, and t = 11 min) color, COD, and TOC removals of 95%, 63%, and 51%, respectively, were achieved. The biodegradability index also increased from 0.13 to 0.29, whereas toxicity tests showed a remaining toxicity of 45%. A kinetic study was conducted for the EC process. The activated carbon (AC) adsorption process was successfully used to completely remove toxicity, while further increasing color, COD, and TOC removals to 96%, 72%, and 61%, respectively. The conditions for the AC adsorption process (20 g/L of AC and 1 h) were determined by experimental adsorption isotherms and kinetic studies. The optimized EC/AC process led to an effluent satisfying the Colombian regulations and seems technologically viable with lower costs than other similar process that were reported in previous works. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
Efficient treatment for textile wastewater through sequential electrocoagulation, electrochemical oxidation and adsorption processes: Optimization and toxicity assessment
(Elsevier BV, 2020-01-01) GilPavas E.; Dobrosz-Gómez I.; Gómez-García M.-Á.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
In this work, the sequential Electrocoagulation + Electro-oxidation + Activated carbon adsorption (EC + EO + AC) process was studied as an alternative for the treatment of an industrial textile wastewater (TWW) issuing from a manufacturing company located in Medellín (Colombia). The EC's and EO's operational conditions were optimized using a Box-Behnken experimental design, the Response Surface Methodology and a constrained nonlinear optimization algorithm in terms of organic matter degradation efficiency. The best performance for EC (i. e., dye removal = 94%, COD and TOC degradation of 45 and 40%, respectively) was obtained using Fe anode and Boron Doped Diamond (BDD) cathode, with current density, jEC, equals to 5 mA/cm2, pH = 9.3, 60 RPM and 10 min of electrolysis. After EC treatment, the effluent biodegradability (evaluated as the BOD5/COD ratio) increases from 0.14 to 0.23. Regrettably, EC was not effective for the removal of acute toxicity to Artemia salina since the treated effluent remained very toxic (100%). The treatment of EC's effluent by EO enhanced organic pollutant removal. For EC + EO sequential process, EO optimal operational conditions (jEO = 10 mA/cm2, pH = 3, 240 RPM, BDD as anode and Fe as cathode) allowed reduction of 100% of color, 88% of COD and 79% of TOC after 30 min of electrolysis. Moreover, the BOD5/COD ratio increased from 0.23 to 0.58; however, the treated effluent remained very toxic to the Artemia salina. Consequently, an activated carbon adsorption step was included to complete the treatment process. Thus, by coupling the EC + EO + AC process, effluent's acute toxicity decreased completely. From molecular weight distribution analysis, it was concluded that EC + EO was efficient in eliminating low molecular weight (< 5 kDa) compounds. Finally, the operation cost, which includes chemical reagents, electrodes, energy consumption, and sludge disposal, for the EC + EO + AC sequential process was estimated in 3.83 USD /m3. © 2020 Elsevier B.V.
DISEÑO Y MONTAJE DE UN EQUIPO PARA LA EXTRACCIÓN DE ACEITES ESENCIALES, A ESCALA PILOTO.
(IMPRENTA UNIV ANTIOQUIA, 2000-04-01) Gil, Edison Hernán; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
FOTODEGRADACIÓN DE FENOLES EN AGUAS RESIDUALES INDUSTRIALES
(Editorial Alcion S.A., 2002-05-01) Gil, Edison Hernán; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
Volumetric power input as a reliable parameter for scale-up from shake flask to stirred-tank bioreactor: Production of a recombinant glycoprotein by Streptomyces lividans
(Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, 2019-01-01) Gamboa-Suasnavart R.A.; Marín-Palacio L.D.; López-Griego L.; Córdova-Aguilar M.S.; Valdez-Cruz N.A.; Trujillo-Roldán M.A.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
The filamentous morphology of Streptomyces lividans depends on the culture conditions, affecting the production, secretion and post-translational modifications of recombinant glycoproteins. In this work, the previously reported volumetric power input (P/V) in conventional (NF) and coiled (CF) shake flasks were scaled-up to a stirred bioreactor. The effects on the growth and morphology of S. lividans were analyzed, as well as, the production and O-mannosylation of the recombinant APA glycoprotein from Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Specific growth rates of 5. lividans and similar recombinant glycoprotein (rAPA) yields were observed between NF and bioreactor cultures. In addition, we have found up to seven mannose residues attached to the C-terminal of the rAPA in bioreactor cultures, one more than in NF and CF. However, at similar P/V values, morphological and kinetic differences were found. Our data indicate that P/V as scale-up criteria in the production of recombinant glycoproteins in S. lividans can be successful in some, but not all the kinetic and stoichiometric parameters, suggesting that the metabolic cell responses can be affected by aeration/hydrodynamics between bioreactor and shake flasks. © 2019, Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana Iztapalapa. All rights reserved.
TRATAMIENTO DE AGUAS RESIDUALES DE LA INDUSTRIA TEXTIL MEDIANTE COAGULACION QUIMICA ACOPLADA A PROCESOS FENTON INTENSIFICADOS CON ULTRASONIDO DE BAJA FRECUENCIA
(Centro de Ciencias de la Atmosfera, UNAM, 2018-02-01) GIL PAVAS EDISON; Arbelaez, Paula Eliana; Medina, J.; GOMEZ, CARLOS MARIO; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)
The present study evaluates the sequential treatment of chemical coagulation (CC) followed by the advanced oxidation process (AOP) of Fenton (H2O2/Fe2+) or photoFenton (UV/H2O2/Fe2+) intensified by low frequency ultrasound. Optimization of the pretreatment step through CC by jar test showed that an optimal coagulant (Al-2[SO4](3)) dose of 800 mg/L removed 99 % of turbidity and 53 % of the chemical oxygen demand (COD). The resulting supernatant is used for the AOP evaluation. The statistical analysis of a Box-Behnken response surface design showed that optimal conditions to carry out the US/H2O2/Fe2+ process are: 1 mM de Fe2+, 14 mM de H2O2 and pH 3. Under these conditions the CC coupled to the US/H2O2/Fe2+ process removes 82 % of the COD of the supernatant while the US/UV/H2O2/Fe2+ process eliminates 95 % after 90 min of reaction. The use of ultrasound waves inducing an increase of 10 % in the process efficiency. The mineralization of pollutants during treatment as well as the H2O2 consumption were monitored.

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