Economía (trabajo de grado)
URI permanente para esta colección
Examinar
Envíos recientes
Ítem Estabilización de la volatilidad del PIB en Colombia : un análisis de los determinantes macroeconómicos(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Vélez Ortega, Benjamín; Mojica Restrepo, Susana; García Cruz, Gustavo AdolfoÍtem Contratos inteligentes para la incorporación de comunidades energéticas en el mercado eléctrico colombiano : desafíos y oportunidades(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Restrepo López, Mariana; Idrobo Mejía, Felipe; Garcia Rendón, Jhon JairoÍtem Avanzando hacia una banca más inclusiva : el potencial del Open Banking en Colombia(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Sierra Madrid, Felipe; Jaramillo Restrepo, David; Gaitán Riaño, Sandra ConstanzaOver the years, Colombia has displayed a remarkable evolution in its financial sector, progressively transitioning towards hyperconnectivity and the digitization of its financial ecosystem, in sync with the global digital trends. Amidst these transformative shifts, open banking has emerged as a standout concept, bringing substantial changes in the way we engage with financial products. This research undertaking is fundamentally driven by the aspiration to delve into the essence of open banking, leveraging successful cases from other Latin American countries, such as Mexico and Brazil, as our primary units of observation. Through meticulous analysis of the open banking practices in these regions, we endeavor to envision how this technology could be introduced to Colombia.Further insights have been gleaned from statistical data on financial inclusion, furnished by diverse institutions, including the Financial Superintendence of Colombia and the World Bank. This information offers a window into the Colombian population's readiness to embrace digital transformation when it comes to their banking instruments. Yet, it is imperative to acknowledge that certain technological infrastructure barriers may pose challenges to the efficient introduction of open banking in the country.Ítem Determinantes de la tasa de supervivencia de las empresas formales en los departamentos de Colombia(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Arias Mejía, José Miguel; García Alzate, Samuel; Arias Mejía, José Miguel; Tamayo Plata, Mery Patricia; Chaparro Cardona, Juan CamiloThe business situation in Colombia faces challenges due to deficiencies in productivity, technology, and institutional arrangements that limit the survival and economic growth of companies. This study aims to identify variables influencing business survival at the departmental level and analyze how institutional, social, and economic factors affect this phenomenon. Using data from the Unique Business and Social Registry (RUES) of the Colombian Chambers of Commerce Confederation and the Departmental Competitiveness Index of the Private Council of Competitiveness, statistical methods such as the Kaplan-Meier estimator and regressions with departmental fixed effects are applied to examine the influence of different variables on the departmental rate of business survival, distinguishing by economic sectors and company sizes. It is found that business survival rates in Colombia decrease from 66.1% in the first year to 29.5% in the sixth year, but there are significant disparities between departmental rates. The influence of various indicators and institutional, infrastructure, and human capital factors, as well as the business environment and the financial system on departmental rates of business survival, varies according to the size and sector of the companies. Through public policies that impact these factors, it is possible to influence business survival rates. However, it is suggested that certain public policies aimed at addressing economic and social issues may negatively affect business survival rates as a collateral effect, without this having negative repercussions on economic development, since this rate may experience declines in the midst of processes of creative destruction.Ítem Healthcare utilization's role in shaping cancer outcomes(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Calle Muñoz, Naomi Galilea; Posso Suárez, Christian ManuelÍtem Retos y oportunidades de la transición a una flota vehicular de cero emisiones en Colombia : análisis marco institucional(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) González Pérez, Juan Pablo; Escobar Saldarriaga, Miguel; Cadena Gaitán, Carlos MiguelThe research presented in this thesis aims to identify the main challenges and opportunities that Colombia faces in the transition to a zero-emission vehicle fleet. This is intended to be achieved through a mixed methodology, where its qualitative component seeks to compare the socio-economic conditions between Colombia and Norway, as well as the different public policies implemented by both countries. In its quantitative part, several time series regressions were modeled to identify which public policies implemented by Norway have been the most effective. In doing so, it was found that the two main challenges facing Colombia are: 1) limitations due to its low liquidity and borrowing capacity, which directly affect its ability to implement public policies, and 2) the need to create greater environmental awareness. While one of the most viable opportunities lies in the exemption of toll payments for electric vehicles.Ítem Análisis de factores económicos en la cobertura del régimen contributivo del sistema de pensiones en Colombia(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Zapata Ochoa, Pablo; Ochoa Espinal, Esteban; Quirós Arango, Luis FernandoThe study aims to investigate how unemployment, inflation, employment rate, and minimum wage in Colombia can affect people's decision to contribute to the pension system, relating the proposal to increase coverage to the "Cambio por la Vejez" reform proposal. Through VAR models and an analysis of economic variables, it was found that unemployment and employment rate significantly impact short and medium-term contributions to the system, while the minimum wage does not show a significant relationship. These findings give importance to effective unemployment control to increase pension system coverage.Ítem Diseño de una cartera de inversión eficiente administrada por el fondo del “Giving Day” de la Universidad EAFIT para generar un impacto positivo en el acceso a la educación superior y el bienestar estudiantil(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Hernández Mora, María Camila; Londoño Agudelo, Simón; Luján Jaramillo, Alejandra MaríaÍtem El papel de la mujer rural en la productividad agrícola de pequeños predios de Colombia(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Ruiz Gallego, Lina María; Bedoya Zapata, Elizabeth; Muñoz Mora, Juan CarlosÍtem Revisión de literatura sobre la relación entre recursos naturales y aparición o persistencia de conflicto. El estudio de caso del desarrollo económico en la serranía de San Lucas (El Bagre, Antioquia) entre 2000 y 2021(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Torres Monsalve, Daniela; Vélez Zapata, SaraÍtem El impacto de fuentes no convencionales de energías renovables por medio de indicadores como emisiones de CO2 y pobreza energética en comunidades pertenecientes a zonas no interconectadas : evidencia para Sipí - Chocó(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Flórez Henao, Juan José; Montoya Arbeláez, Simón; García Rendón, John JairoThis paper analyzes the impact of the implementation of Non-Conventional Renewable Energy sources, NCRE, through indicators such as CO2 emissions and the Multidimensional Energy Poverty Index that helps to meet the Sustainable Development Goals, in the access to clean energy in populations belonging to Non-Interconnected Zones - specifically in Sipí - Chocó. Using DANE, UN and Promigas methodologies, key indicators of carbon dioxide emissions and energy poverty are estimated. Focused on the Chocó municipality of Sipí, with the estimation of different scenarios, it was found that the installation of NCRE projects - Solar Photovoltaic and Hydroelectric - significantly reduces CO2 emissions by 89% and 92% respectively and reduces both the intensity of energy poverty by 38% and energy poverty as such by 20.9%.Ítem Inteligencia Artificial en la economía : un análisis multidimensional de oportunidades y desafíos en el mercado laboral(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Cadavid Londoño, Ana María; Hernández Flórez, MónicaÍtem Efectos de las políticas de desarrollo en la reducción de la pobreza y desplazamiento forzado en Colombia durante 2010-2020(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Vargas Jara, Sara; Chacón Barrero, Mario LeonardoÍtem Actualidad y futuro del programa BEPS : relevancia en el sistema pensional(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Tamayo Villa, Juan Pablo; Arango Escobar, David Andrés; Hurtado Rendón, ÁlvaroThis text presents an analysis of the BEPS system in Colombia as a pension savings option and its role within the pension system. The methodology employed involves projecting the BEPS system in various scenarios, observing its evolution since its inception, and considering the proportion of informality. The study also delves into the key features of the BEPS program and its significance in the context of pension reform. The motivation behind this work is to assess the importance of BEPS within the Colombian pension system, particularly in light of a potential pension system reform.Ítem ¿Cómo el cese al fuego en las negociaciones del proceso de paz con las FARC afectó la percepción de confianza hacia las instituciones de la población colombiana?(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) González González, Valeria; Moreno Botero, Catalina; Suárez Obando, Gabriel Jaime; Gómez Toro, CatalinaÍtem El impacto del incremento en el salario mínimo en el empleo de las diferentes ocupaciones en los principales sectores económicos de Colombia entre 2021 y 2023(Universidad Eafit, 2023) Alzate Laverde, Andrea; Cardenas Carmona, Daniel; Chaparro Cardona, Juan CamiloIn this study, an analysis of the labor market situation in Colombia will be conducted from 2021 to June 2023. Similarly, it will estimate how increases in the minimum wage impact employment in Colombia for the main occupations of workers in the country, especially in the most economically relevant sectors in terms of the number of workers they generate. This study will be carried out using a sample of data extracted from the Gran Encuesta Integrada de Hogares on the population of employed individuals in the Colombian labor market. It will be analyzed through descriptive statistics to assess the situation of workers, such as income levels, occupational positions, formal and informal employment, and their distribution across economic sectors. Finally, through the use of panel data, the sensitivity of employment in economic sectors to changes in the minimum wage will be estimated, and the results will be studied based on the classical economic theory of perfect and imperfect competitive markets. Heterogeneity is observed among different sectors and occupations, which is important to consider in the analysis. For some labor submarkets, the wage employment elasticity is negative, which is consistent with the understanding of markets closer to perfect competition, especially in the hotel and education sectors. For other submarkets, the wage-employment elasticity is positive, indicating the presence of imperfect competition and companies with market power, as is the case in the trade and manufacturing sectors.Ítem Efectos económicos de la apertura fronteriza : un caso de estudio sobre la inflación en Cúcuta(Universidad Eafit, 2023) Pabón Rozo, Javier Camilo; Rodríguez, Andrés Felipe; Posada Aparicio, Juan PabloThe study focuses on analyzing inflation in Cúcuta and synthetic Cúcuta between February 2016 and March 2023, using graphs to show its evolution compared to the national average. Although there are studies on the relationship between Cúcuta's economy and the border dynamics with Venezuela, there is a gap regarding the impact of the border opening on Cúcuta's inflation. Using econometric methods, the research aims to understand this relationship to formulate public policies and contribute academically. The main purpose is to evaluate how the border opening has affected inflation in Cúcuta and understand its economic composition before and after this opening.Ítem Análisis empírico del efecto de la inflación en el consumo real : el caso colombiano (1955 - 2019)(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Mesa Salazar, Martín; Torres Orrego, Pablo; Posada Posada, Carlos EstebanThe objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a nominal variable (in this case, inflation) on a real variable (real consumption) in the period from 1955 to 2019 in Colombia, based on the classical idea of money neutrality. To achieve this, a review of the ideas from the main schools of thought was conducted, supplemented with an in-depth analysis of the existing literature on current studies of the effects of inflation on consumption. Some of the studies discussed in this work are those by Hurtado (2006), Moreira (2016), Contreras et al. (2019), Zúñiga et al. (2020), and Álvarez Fernández (2022). Additionally, correlation relationships between consumption, inflation, and Gross Domestic Product were evaluated using statistical techniques. Lastly, an analysis of impulse response graphs was conducted, which were obtained through three VAR models developed specifically for this study and explained within the methodological design section, in order to demonstrate money neutrality or non-neutrality in the long term for Colombia.Ítem Aproximación al impacto del turismo en las dinámicas del consumo de drogas en Colombia (2012-2022)(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Franco Valencia, Sarah; Saavedra Muñóz, Nicolás; Tobón, SantiagoCurrently, tourism is one of the most relevant legal activities for the Colombian economy due to its contribution to issues of growth and development. Nevertheless, it can potentially bring negative situations such as insecurity and gentrification. On the other hand, from an illegal perspective, we can observe economic dynamics in activities like the drug market, which is one of the most significant money-moving sectors within the Colombian economy. Considering both activities and their economic magnitude, this research work explores a potential relationship between the arrival of foreign tourists and the drug consumption dynamics, as measured through police seizures in Colombia between 2012 and 2022. The conducted theoretical framework demonstrates a possible connection between these variables through economic theories like those related to crime and consumer behavior. Furthermore, a differences-in-differences model is presented to explore an approach to the relationship using seizure measures for various drugs in Colombia. The results indicate a potential link between the arrival of tourists and drug market dynamics, yielding positive, negative, and inconclusive results for the different types of drugs.Ítem Análisis de la evolución de los precios de apartamentos nuevos en Medellín durante el período 2012-2022 : un índice de precios con enfoque hedónico(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Díaz Meza, Lina Marcela; Jaramillo Gaitán, Juan Nicolás; Luján Jaramillo, Alejandra María