Master in International Business - MIB (tesis)
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Ítem Nearshoring in Latin America : a new home for American textile and apparel companies based in China?(Universidad EAFIT, 2022) Pérez Hincapié, Wendy Catalina; Vélez Calle, AndrésAlthough moving operations out of China is expensive, many businesses are considering it because doing business there is becoming more expensive due to rising labor costs and the ongoing threat of intellectual property theft. Other factors driving business out of China include coronavirus pandemic, market volatility, the conflict in Ukraine, the disruption of global supply chains, and fears of a trade war between China and the US, the world's largest importer. Due to this, US businesses have relocated or intend to relocate their sourcing and production operations outside China, utilizing the nearshoring production model. Therefore, the objective of this document is to determine, through a case analysis study, if it is feasible for US companies that specialize in the textile and apparel industry to adopt business processes with a regionalization approach, that is, which can relocate companies from China to Latin America, specifically in countries such as Brazil, Colombia, Mexico or El Salvador. The methodology of this thesis is based on a mixed methods approach. The qualitative methodology includes unstructured interviews with experts from the manufacturing sector and the quantitative methodology includes the collection and statistical documentary analysis of the commercial links between the countries studied and the US, the advantages, and disadvantages in case they are considered a nearshoring destination, as well as the current state of the textile and clothing industries in each of them.Ítem Developing photovoltaic power plants in Latin America - selecting the country market and internationalization strategy(Universidad EAFIT, 2022) Mortensgaard, Lasse Alexander; Aguilar Barrientos, Sara CristinaThe point of departure of this thesis is the growing demand for renewable energy sources across the world including solar photovoltaic power generation. The work is focus on Latin America, as this region has substantial potential for solar energy exploitation due to high levels of solar irradiance. The analysis covers which market variables that is of high importance to private developers of large-scale photovoltaic power plants. Building on the identified market variables a comprehensive market assessment of Argentina, Brazil, Chile and Mexico has been conducted. In the second part of the thesis, the analysis digs deeper into the competitive picture of the Chilean solar industry and discusses the different entry strategies that new market entrants can follow in this specific market.Ítem A call for research on soft-skills in international entrepreneurs : a systematic literature review(Universidad EAFIT, 2022) Zuluaga Quintero, Estefanía; Román Calderón, Juan PabloÍtem The participation of the companies located in the free trade zone of Rionegro in global value chains(Universidad EAFIT, 2019) Castillo Trujillo, Santiago; Roman Calderón, Juan PabloThis research project proposal has the objective of discovering how do companies located in the Free Trade Zone of Rionegro (Antioquia) participate in global value chains. The project has an applied exploratory research design with the objective of presenting it as a case study in an academic journal on international business. The research proposal includes methodology, literature review, limitations, contributions and ethical issues of the project.Ítem Prospective poverty alleviation in colombian rural areas as a result of New Zealand FDI in the dairy industry(Universidad Eafit, 2019) Robinson, Stuart Christopher; Pérez Restrepo, Camilo AlbertoThis report provides a discussion and recommendations regarding the New Zealand dairy industry’s involvement in Colombia with the aim of reducing poverty. The topic is of utmost relevance in view of the current negotiation between the Pacific Alliance and New Zealand, in particular, due to the concerns the dairy industry in Colombia has raised. However, many elements of this analysis also contribute to the literature on foreign direct investment in the agricultural sector as potential tools for poverty alleviation in rural areas in emerging markets. The work New Zealand has performed thus far in Colombia showcase the ideal research and development methodology required to estimate such outcomes. The two primary benefits to poverty alleviation from improving the dairy productivity are increases in employment and infrastructure.Ítem Exploring the enablers and microfoundations of international knowledge transfer : a grounded theory framework(Universidad EAFIT, 2020) Rios Ballesteros, Nathalia; Furst, SaschaÍtem Challenges that a colombian company, in the chemical sector, could face in the process of importing(Universidad EAFIT, 2018) Rodriguez Arango, Nicolas; Guerra Aranguren,María AlexandraThe challenges faced by regular and new importers in Colombia, in the process of import, especially in the chemical sector, are due to lack of awareness on the process itself and the current regulation. By identifying those challenges and describing the course of action when importing merchandise, people in charge of international operations, will be aware on how the process of import is conducted. This description is based on the experience of the author and the Chief of Foreign Trade of Invesa S.A., a Colombian company in the chemical sector. Having an excellent customs agency and understanding what should be avoided in the process, the importation should not have any problem.Ítem Factors influencing the implementation of diversity and inclusion policies declared by USA Mncs operating in Colombia(Universidad EAFIT, 2019) Lugardo, José Alberto; Díaz Vázquez, Juan CarlosColombia, a country that can be described as an Emerging Market due to its economic characteristics (Teso, Yumi ; Kondo, Masaki; Dormido, 2018), has experienced a significant increase in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) over the past decades. During these years, US Multinational Companies (MNCs) have operated in Colombia through subsidiaries. Not only have MNCs had an impact on the local economy, they have experienced culture shock and adaptation over the years. MNCs face different challenges for enforcing global policies in their subsidiaries, including differences in regulatory, economic, cultural and social factors among others. This research examines these four elements related to the Diversity and Inclusion (D&I) policies declared by US MNCs operating in Colombia. This research takes a closer look at the D&I policies declared by four US MNCs with subsidiaries in Colombia. These companies are members of the Human Rights Campaign Foundation (HRC). The HRC has measured their Corporate Equality Index (CEI) performance for several years. This analysis focuses on the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender and Intersexual (LGBTI) community’s declared inclusion in US Multinational Corporation subsidiaries in Colombia. This is an important consideration because MNCs need to make sure their employees’ rights are protected when assigned to their subsidiaries no matter their sexual preference or gender expression. Quintero, Yenni Viviana; Duque Orozco & Acevedo, argue that, “MNEs play a significant role given their influence and activities in both home and host countries. They play a double role: actors in the problem, but also actors in the solution.” (2012, p.2) This paper aims to provide an improved understanding of cultural differences, social sensibilities and regulatory strains regarding D&I policy practices particularly related to inclusion of LGBTI groups.Ítem Opportunities and challenges for the colombian hass avocado in countries with admissibility processes in progress : the case of Japan(Universidad Eafit, 2018) Muñoz Isaza, Stiven; Ardila López, CarolinaGiven the Admissibility process that the Colombian Government is conducting in order to open the Japanese market for the Colombian Hass Avocado, this research identifies the main challenges and opportunities that Colombian producers may have in Japan by analyzing the market conditions, such as production and supply chain, current competitors, and consumer behaviors and preferences.Ítem Creating a business model for lean internationalization: the case of Shipstra(Universidad EAFIT, 2018) Giraldo Díaz, Jorge Mario; Fuerst, SaschaÍtem Site selection research for internationalizing EAFIT continuing education in Central America and the Caribbean(Universidad EAFIT, 2018) Gutiérrez Marín, Wilfer Hernando; Ardila López, CarolinaThis paper seeks to select a new market for EAFIT continuing education to start a new internationalization effort, based on the exploration of 5 different countries from Central America and the Caribbean -- It analyzes four dimensions of each country, demographics, economics, political and sociocultural -- Once selected, a recommendation of a possible entry strategy that minimizes the risk of a failure is doneÍtem The social construction of Colombian-African relations: a possible South-South Cooperation Framework?(Universidad EAFIT, 2016) Flórez Montoya, Simón; Kleinschmidt, Jochen; Large, Joshua John HenryÍtem The Influence of Uncertainty Avoidance on Future Intentions of International Volunteers’ Service Abroad(Universidad EAFIT, 2017) Pérez Guisao, Juan GonzaloInternational Volunteer Service (IVS) has become more popular around the world and increasingly people take breaks from their studies or jobs to work as volunteers in other countries (Meneghini, 2016) -- However, research on how uncertainty avoidance affects future intentions of volunteering abroad is rather limited -- Based on empirical data collected from 165 international volunteers who completed their service in Colombia, this study evaluated the effect of uncertainty avoidance on their intentions to continue working abroad -- The Structural Equation modeling technique was used to analyze the data -- The results indicate that uncertainty avoidance predicts future intentions to volunteer abroadÍtem The global anti-money laundering regime: an assessment of effectiveness(Universidad EAFIT, 2017) Ramírez Vásquez, Daniel; Large, Joshua John HenryMoney laundering is the most commonly occurring form of financial crime -- This has been facilitated by the presence of diverse technology that has made money laundering easier -- Globally, money laundering is a major concern since it is linked to terrorist financing and corruption of the financial systems -- In response, the international community has strengthened the AML/CFT structures following the terrorist act in the Unites States in September 2011 -- The thesis presents an analysis of the AML regulations and the challenges that national governments and the international community face when combating money laundering -- The main research question is: Is the current international anti-money laundering regime sufficiently robust to effectively control and limit the phenomenon of international money laundering? -- This report explains the negative effects of money laundering to the economies of countries, the international trend-setters of the AML regulations and the challenges faced during the implementation of AML policies -- After properly studying the literature, there seems to be major challenge during the implementation of the AML regulations making money laundering a pressing issue in both developing and developed countries -- To facilitate the implementation of AML framework, nations should create a framework for exchange of information -- As much as it’s a challenge, there is need for evaluation of the effectiveness of the AML structure particularly due to the changes providing new techniques for money launderingÍtem Colombia: a human sourcing hub for international consultancy firms offering software implementation services in the financial sector(Universidad EAFIT, 2016) Parilli Ocampo, Sebastián; Díaz Vásquez, Juan CarlosExisting literature tackles the dynamics of the consultancy industry and its evolution, but, little has been produced on the industry as such -- The fundamentals, policies for trade, investment and labour mobility and promotional policies are seen as the factors that depict the quality of the service industry -- However, for the purpose of this research the focus laid on the fundamentals or factor endowments -- They include human capital, human skill, telecommunication development and institutional framework -- Using a case study method design, conclusions highlight the need to offset labour market imperfections; between the labour skills the market requires and those provided by the local education system -- Although the size of the resource pool available for this particular case was very limtied, there were signs of incrementing tendencies -- Telecommunication infrastructure is not of significance for exporting of services, this was supported by the prosperous Indian export services in a country where there is low internet penetration -- The consultancy industry does not have an institutional framework which is, in essence, creating a more difficult environment were progress is stagnant and consumers are not been protected -- Real industry development requires a collaborative effort between the private sector, the public sector and the education system to balance out the labour market imperfectionÍtem Financial liberalization in Colombia and its effect in the capacity of the country to enforce anti money laundering policies(Universidad EAFIT, 2016) Miranda Giraldo, Juan Camilo; Large, JoshuaÍtem Conceptual guidelines for the international expansion of SMEs from Curaçao(Universidad EAFIT, 2016) Esseboom, Ilvana Charline; González-Pérez, María AlejandraInternationalization and moving to new markets can create many opportunities for small businesses across the globe, but also presents a number of new challenges they will face, which may influence their competitive advantage in the global market -- Present paper aims to provide an internationalization guide for SMEs from Curaçao -- Also the determinants that can impact internationalization will be discussed -- In this paper, three widely researched internationalization models form the basis of the theoretical perspectives of this paper; the traditional Uppsala model, the Network model and the Linkage, Leverage and Learning modelÍtem A systematic literature review of the current trends and challenges of internationalization of higher education in Latin America(Universidad EAFIT, 2015) Gómez Brand, María Fernanda; González Pérez, María AlejandraThis paper aims to consolidate a sample of existing academic literature on the modes, trends, risks and challenges of the internationalization of higher education in Latin America published over the last 15 years -- Following a systematic literature review methodology, it was seeking to analyze and synthesize a sample of 25 published academic articles on the specifically chosen topic -- As a consequence of this review, it was found that progress has been made on the subject and there is an awareness of the impact it has on quality, international indicators still lag far behind those of more developed regions -- The creation and implementation of accreditation and evaluations processes, the commodification of higher education and the presence of new providers and regionalization efforts were perceived as trending topics in the publications -- Risks and challenges such as lack of governmental support and brain drain, are respectively perceived by researchers as the most concerning -- Finally, an emphasis is made on the comprehensiveness that must characterize this process in order to be successful, meaning that it should “embrace all the educational processes” (Gacel-Ávila, 2007, 406)Ítem Medellin: an atractive city of destination for Venezuelan immigrants(Universidad EAFIT, 2015) Pulido González, Laura; Rodríguez Mendoza, Diana Carolina; González Pérez, María AlejandraThe recent wave of globalization has offered to some people the chance to move to countries where aspirations and expectations can be met and opportunities encountered, more likely than in their home country (Albano & Sánchez-Barrciarte, 2015) -- Despite Venezuela being a receptor of Colombian immigrants around the 20th century, since the end of the last decade there has been an increasing number of Venezuelans settled in cities like Medellin -- This study focused specifically on those immigrants by analyzing their profiles, reasons for leaving their country and choosing this city for their future projects, as well as their adaptation process related with migration theoriesÍtem Theories and contemporary challenges of a global pasta leader: the case of Barilla SpA(Universidad EAFIT, 2015) Wolf, Ronald Scott; González Pérez, María AlejandraBarilla Holding SpA (Barilla), a successful multinational foods manufacturing company with headquarters in Parma, Italy began with humble beginnings in 1877 (Barilla, 2014a) as a small bread and pasta shop -- Barilla is now a leading global sales player second only to private label brands, jumping from 9-12% of total market from the period 2009-2014 and is the dominant sales leader in both Italy and the US with 2014 sales of 900 and 800 US$ million respectively (Euromonitor, 2015) -- This paper looks at the process of internationalization, paralleling both traditional and contemporary academic models, focusing on such issues as marketing to the gay and lesbian market, family succession roadblocks, and navigating social media gaffs -- These contemporary academic models highlight challenges, strategies, sales and market share dynamics for the company with suggestions for navigating the road ahead