Master in International Business - MIB (tesis)
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Ítem Choice of distribution channels in the internationalization process of companies belonging to Medellin’s clusters(Universidad EAFIT, 2012) Quiceno Aguirre, Adriana MaríaIn an internationalization process, companies have to choose the distribution channels in order to develop successful strategies and reach goals in monetary and sales terms. Five variables (asset specificity, technological uncertainty, volume uncertainty, behavioral uncertainty and transaction frequency), developed in Transaction Costs Economy Theory, are a way to understand the impacts of foreign sales in internal procedures and the reasons why companies apply or not a specific distribution channel. In the case of companies belonging to Medellin Ciudad Cluster initiative, these variables highlight the lack of company’s internal preparation (own resources and technology) and the low diversity of distribution channels.Ítem Internationalization process of medical services: a comparative analysis of the current state of medical tourism in Medellín, Colombia and San José, Costa Rica(Universidad EAFIT, 2012) Arboleda Díaz, Ana María; Trevtler, ThomasÍtem HMV Ingenieros Ltda : un modelo de internacionalización para entrar en el mercado Triángulo Norte(Universidad EAFIT, 2012) Marín Cadavid, Carolina; García Rendón, John JairoÍtem Extended literature review about managing communication in a MNC for knowledge sharing between the headquarters and the subsidiaries(Universidad EAFIT, 2013) Ospina D´Alleman, Sandra Milena; Aguilar Barrientos, Sara CristinaThis paper presents an extended Literature Review about the management of communications in Multinational Corporations, specifically in knowledge sharing between the headquarters and the subsidiaries, an issue that remains a deep challenge to international business due to the uniqueness of cultural values within the exchange of information, and the improvements that a company implements through the interchange of knowledge (Rodrigues, 2009) -- Today, companies adapt to change, nor only because of the determinant role of communications due to the information technology revolution (Kalla, 2006) but to face the challenges that the international market sets, specifically in the decisive role of knowledge management as the firm’s competitive advantage to create and innovate services and products (Carlsson, 2003)Ítem Sustainable hospitality in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta: how to develop a sustainable hospitality industry in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia taking the case of Turtle Bay Resort in Hawai'i as a model(Universidad EAFIT, 2014) Montúfar Fandiño, Enrique Alberto; Díaz Vásquez, Juan CarlosThis research attempts to provide necessary context in order to present recommendationsand to evaluate the need for the development of the sustainable hospitality industry in the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta -- This research presents sustainable hospitality as an alternative for economic development, based on the analysis of data gathered at Turtle Bay Resort in Hawai’i and validated by a literature review -- This analysis focuses mainly on the management of important resources: energy, water and waste, following sustainable principles like the ones presented by systems theories, such as Cradle to Cradle (Braungart, McDonough & Bollinger, 2006) and Blue Economy (Dijk, Tenpierik & Dobbelsteen, 2013) -- Sustainable hospitality1 provides an eco-effective alternative, for the sustainable economic development of the Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta Region -- The world has changed -- Today, we live in a world with highly competitive markets and volatile economic environments -- No organization, especially those that rely on limited or declining natural resources, can operate the way they did a decade ago (COSO, 2013) -- The 20th century taught us that economic growth does not necessarily mean social development, and that unbounded growth is unsustainable -- Growing energy demand and damaging greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, such as CO2 (Carbon dioxide) and CH4 (Methane), reflect the cost and unsustainable requirements of the system that arose from the industrial revolution, powered initially by coal and later by oil (Peura, 2012) -- Economic development must be sustainable and alternatives to an ever growing economy must be explored (Jackson, 2009) -- The time framework presented in this research, from the industrial revolution to climate change (Jackson, 2009) presents arguments for dealing with high energy demand and negative environmental impact -- In particular considering the current context of growing inequality between (Müller-Steinhagen and Nitsch -- 2005) and within countries, mainly in those with relatively recent economic growth, based in many cases on extractive industries and other unsustainable resource intensive activities (Fung, 2009) -- As is the case for Colombia in which sustainable hospitality principles are yet to be assimilated and implemented in its complex socio-economic context -- Sustainable hospitality focuses on reducing and when possible eliminating the negative environmental, social and economic impact resulting from the normal operation of the traditional hospitality sector (EPA, 2013) -- Society needs an economy that stimulates technologies that improve the system -- The hospitality industry can benefit from the rising demand around the world for these technological and ecological solutions by providing clients a sustainable service, for the good of the company’s bottom line, the guests, the employees, clients, suppliers and the surrounding communityÍtem Institutional framework and bribery in Latin America: The case of PetroTiger Ltd. and Ecopetrol S.A.(Universidad EAFIT, 2014) Siegel, Eyal; González-Pérez, María AlejandraDue to different institutional interpretations, there is a broad set of perceptions and attitudes towards bribery and corruption. Especially in the international business context, it is not likely to have a uniform understanding and consensus regarding the interpretation and the handling of these behaviours. This paper analyses the corruption environment in Latin America. Based on analysing the specific case of the firm PetroTiger Ltd., which was engaged in bribery activities with the Colombian state-controlled firm Ecopetrol S.A. in 2010, this study finds characteristics of corruption in the Latin American region. This research distinguishes itself from the existing literature since it provides new insights in one specific region, including a broad set of dimensions and approaches. A compilation of desk research, media analysis and the Latin American Corruption Perception Index by the Transparency International underpins the corruption in this region. The primary findings show that the Latin American region differs from others because its level of perceived corruption is defined by its strong cultural influences, the internal economic drivers of Latin American firms, and the weak enforcement of legislation. Above all, this paper confirms that each region has its own characteristics and that the global perception on corruption is changing negatively. Taking this into account, this research explains the main causes for Latin America, and here for gives insights for further research that specific focusses on the cultural, economic or legal factors.Ítem The internationalisation of emerging market higher education providers: exploring transnational provision(Universidad EAFIT, 2014) Rusell, Eliza; González Pérez, María AlejandraThe delivery of transnational higher education by emerging market providers is a relatively new phenomenon -- While much has been written about mainly British, U.S. and Australian providers delivering higher education programs offshore, this paper explores the transnational delivery of education by two universities from emerging markets: Mexico's Sistema Tecnológico de Monterrey (Tec de Monterrey) and Malaysia's Limkokwing University of Creative Technology -- By developing a comprehensive listing of the universities' transnational engagement and motivations, and comparing them to traditional and contemporary firm internationalisation theories, the paper is able to highlight some of the key similarities and differences between the theory and practise in the context of emerging market transnational education providers -- The paper finds that, despite the unique character of the sector, the patterns of internationalisation of Sistema Tecnológico de Monterrey and Limkokwing University of Creative Technology are similar to those of firms in other industries -- Furthermore, recent theories explaining the internationalisation of developing country multinationals help to understand the speed at which both universities have internationalised and some of the business and non-business advantages gained from delivering programs abroadÍtem Traveling, intercultural experiences, and managerial leadership: are international travelers better leaders?(Universidad EAFIT, 2014) Restrepo Cardona, Alfonso; González Pérez, María AlejandraThis manuscript describes both an International Business and International Management research project by the Children’s University (Universidad de los Niños) at Universidad EAFIT aiming to determine the impacts of personal internationally travelling on successful local business leaders -- The purpose in this project is to advance a framework for future research aimed at enhancing our understanding of why people who has regularly travelled abroad for any reasons, either personal or professional, makes them better leaders than others who have not -- Children within age 14 and 17 year old participating in this project were motivated to study the relationship between travelling experiences and business leadership, with the proposition that travelling implies a leap of faith to new experiences and opening horizons, which could be capitalized at the workplace and at the business environment -- The research was exploratory and qualitative in nature -- Data was collected through interviews and the sample was convenience, focusing on high ranked academics and university managers using an open-ended interview format -- Interviewees were asked about their travelling experiences and their interaction with different cultures and if they perceived that a person who travels can become better leader -- This research paper concentrates on two main variables as the cornerstones, which are leadership and culture -- In the findings and discussion sections, this research paper illustrates that people that has more interaction with culture is a better leaderÍtem Colombia in the global videogame industry: more than an emerging industry in more than emerging country(Universidad EAFIT, 2014) Gómez Aristizábal, Juan Camilo; González Pérez, María AlejandraÍtem A systematic literature review of the current trends and challenges of internationalization of higher education in Latin America(Universidad EAFIT, 2015) Gómez Brand, María Fernanda; González Pérez, María AlejandraThis paper aims to consolidate a sample of existing academic literature on the modes, trends, risks and challenges of the internationalization of higher education in Latin America published over the last 15 years -- Following a systematic literature review methodology, it was seeking to analyze and synthesize a sample of 25 published academic articles on the specifically chosen topic -- As a consequence of this review, it was found that progress has been made on the subject and there is an awareness of the impact it has on quality, international indicators still lag far behind those of more developed regions -- The creation and implementation of accreditation and evaluations processes, the commodification of higher education and the presence of new providers and regionalization efforts were perceived as trending topics in the publications -- Risks and challenges such as lack of governmental support and brain drain, are respectively perceived by researchers as the most concerning -- Finally, an emphasis is made on the comprehensiveness that must characterize this process in order to be successful, meaning that it should “embrace all the educational processes” (Gacel-Ávila, 2007, 406)Ítem Medellin: an atractive city of destination for Venezuelan immigrants(Universidad EAFIT, 2015) Pulido González, Laura; Rodríguez Mendoza, Diana Carolina; González Pérez, María AlejandraThe recent wave of globalization has offered to some people the chance to move to countries where aspirations and expectations can be met and opportunities encountered, more likely than in their home country (Albano & Sánchez-Barrciarte, 2015) -- Despite Venezuela being a receptor of Colombian immigrants around the 20th century, since the end of the last decade there has been an increasing number of Venezuelans settled in cities like Medellin -- This study focused specifically on those immigrants by analyzing their profiles, reasons for leaving their country and choosing this city for their future projects, as well as their adaptation process related with migration theoriesÍtem Theories and contemporary challenges of a global pasta leader: the case of Barilla SpA(Universidad EAFIT, 2015) Wolf, Ronald Scott; González Pérez, María AlejandraBarilla Holding SpA (Barilla), a successful multinational foods manufacturing company with headquarters in Parma, Italy began with humble beginnings in 1877 (Barilla, 2014a) as a small bread and pasta shop -- Barilla is now a leading global sales player second only to private label brands, jumping from 9-12% of total market from the period 2009-2014 and is the dominant sales leader in both Italy and the US with 2014 sales of 900 and 800 US$ million respectively (Euromonitor, 2015) -- This paper looks at the process of internationalization, paralleling both traditional and contemporary academic models, focusing on such issues as marketing to the gay and lesbian market, family succession roadblocks, and navigating social media gaffs -- These contemporary academic models highlight challenges, strategies, sales and market share dynamics for the company with suggestions for navigating the road aheadÍtem Conceptual guidelines for the international expansion of SMEs from Curaçao(Universidad EAFIT, 2016) Esseboom, Ilvana Charline; González-Pérez, María AlejandraInternationalization and moving to new markets can create many opportunities for small businesses across the globe, but also presents a number of new challenges they will face, which may influence their competitive advantage in the global market -- Present paper aims to provide an internationalization guide for SMEs from Curaçao -- Also the determinants that can impact internationalization will be discussed -- In this paper, three widely researched internationalization models form the basis of the theoretical perspectives of this paper; the traditional Uppsala model, the Network model and the Linkage, Leverage and Learning modelÍtem Financial liberalization in Colombia and its effect in the capacity of the country to enforce anti money laundering policies(Universidad EAFIT, 2016) Miranda Giraldo, Juan Camilo; Large, JoshuaÍtem Colombia: a human sourcing hub for international consultancy firms offering software implementation services in the financial sector(Universidad EAFIT, 2016) Parilli Ocampo, Sebastián; Díaz Vásquez, Juan CarlosExisting literature tackles the dynamics of the consultancy industry and its evolution, but, little has been produced on the industry as such -- The fundamentals, policies for trade, investment and labour mobility and promotional policies are seen as the factors that depict the quality of the service industry -- However, for the purpose of this research the focus laid on the fundamentals or factor endowments -- They include human capital, human skill, telecommunication development and institutional framework -- Using a case study method design, conclusions highlight the need to offset labour market imperfections; between the labour skills the market requires and those provided by the local education system -- Although the size of the resource pool available for this particular case was very limtied, there were signs of incrementing tendencies -- Telecommunication infrastructure is not of significance for exporting of services, this was supported by the prosperous Indian export services in a country where there is low internet penetration -- The consultancy industry does not have an institutional framework which is, in essence, creating a more difficult environment were progress is stagnant and consumers are not been protected -- Real industry development requires a collaborative effort between the private sector, the public sector and the education system to balance out the labour market imperfectionÍtem The social construction of Colombian-African relations: a possible South-South Cooperation Framework?(Universidad EAFIT, 2016) Flórez Montoya, Simón; Kleinschmidt, Jochen; Large, Joshua John HenryÍtem The global anti-money laundering regime: an assessment of effectiveness(Universidad EAFIT, 2017) Ramírez Vásquez, Daniel; Large, Joshua John HenryMoney laundering is the most commonly occurring form of financial crime -- This has been facilitated by the presence of diverse technology that has made money laundering easier -- Globally, money laundering is a major concern since it is linked to terrorist financing and corruption of the financial systems -- In response, the international community has strengthened the AML/CFT structures following the terrorist act in the Unites States in September 2011 -- The thesis presents an analysis of the AML regulations and the challenges that national governments and the international community face when combating money laundering -- The main research question is: Is the current international anti-money laundering regime sufficiently robust to effectively control and limit the phenomenon of international money laundering? -- This report explains the negative effects of money laundering to the economies of countries, the international trend-setters of the AML regulations and the challenges faced during the implementation of AML policies -- After properly studying the literature, there seems to be major challenge during the implementation of the AML regulations making money laundering a pressing issue in both developing and developed countries -- To facilitate the implementation of AML framework, nations should create a framework for exchange of information -- As much as it’s a challenge, there is need for evaluation of the effectiveness of the AML structure particularly due to the changes providing new techniques for money launderingÍtem The Influence of Uncertainty Avoidance on Future Intentions of International Volunteers’ Service Abroad(Universidad EAFIT, 2017) Pérez Guisao, Juan GonzaloInternational Volunteer Service (IVS) has become more popular around the world and increasingly people take breaks from their studies or jobs to work as volunteers in other countries (Meneghini, 2016) -- However, research on how uncertainty avoidance affects future intentions of volunteering abroad is rather limited -- Based on empirical data collected from 165 international volunteers who completed their service in Colombia, this study evaluated the effect of uncertainty avoidance on their intentions to continue working abroad -- The Structural Equation modeling technique was used to analyze the data -- The results indicate that uncertainty avoidance predicts future intentions to volunteer abroadÍtem Creating a business model for lean internationalization: the case of Shipstra(Universidad EAFIT, 2018) Giraldo Díaz, Jorge Mario; Fuerst, SaschaÍtem Opportunities and challenges for the colombian hass avocado in countries with admissibility processes in progress : the case of Japan(Universidad Eafit, 2018) Muñoz Isaza, Stiven; Ardila López, CarolinaGiven the Admissibility process that the Colombian Government is conducting in order to open the Japanese market for the Colombian Hass Avocado, this research identifies the main challenges and opportunities that Colombian producers may have in Japan by analyzing the market conditions, such as production and supply chain, current competitors, and consumer behaviors and preferences.