Maestría en Sostenibilidad (tesis)

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https://hdl.handle.net/10784/33043

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Estrategia para la reducción de la huella de carbono corporativa de la Universidad EAFIT
(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Atencio Álvarez, Angélica María; Rozo León, Lina Marcela; Martínez Londoño, Edgar Alberto
Mujeres, agricultura y paz : un estudio sobre el empoderamiento en Montes de María
(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Montoya Giraldo , Viviana Patricia; Gómez Taboada, Sonia Rosa; Ramírez Morales, Jorge Enrique; Zapata Giraldo, Valeria
In the region of Montes de María, marked by armed conflict and agrarian challenges, rural women face difficulties that limit their participation and empowerment in agriculture, affecting their economic autonomy and contributing to the perpetuation of gender inequalities. Thus, this study aimed to identify and analyze the factors driving the empowerment of rural women in Montes de María in agriculture and evaluate how this empowerment significantly contributes to their economic independence and peacebuilding in their communities. Mixed research methods were employed for data collection in the field through focus groups, with data being qualitatively and quantitatively analyzed to delve into the perceptions and experiences of rural women regarding agriculture and empowerment. Additionally, information was cross-referenced with relevant scientific literature to enrich the context and understanding of the findings. The results show a significant advancement in community-led processes by rural women, indicating a conscious understanding of their active role in family and society. However, challenges ranging from climatic vulnerabilities affecting their food and economic security to barriers in land access and entrenched patriarchal structures in society were identified, limiting their ability to fully exercise their empowerment. The study concludes with a set of recommendations advocating for strengthening policies on land restitution, access and titling, promoting technical training tailored to the needs of rural women, fostering leadership in agricultural projects, facilitating organization and association, improving access to markets, and addressing gender-based violence. These proposed actions have the potential to generate a positive impact on the lives of rural women, promoting their economic autonomy and strengthening their participation in decision-making to contribute to sustainable peace in the region.
Evaluación de los impactos sociales, ambientales y económicos del sistema de bicicletas públicas - EnCicla en la ciudad de Medellín a través de un análisis multicriterio
(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Daza Olivella, Diana Marcela; Ríos Rodríguez, Carlos Andrés; González Valencia, Alejandro
Economía circular en el manejo de cubiertas plásticas usadas en invernaderos
(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Ramírez Mora, Diana Mayerly; Cano Zapata, Catalina
One of the main axes of the Colombian economy is agriculture. According to data from the Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Colombia, this activity occupies 3% of the national territory; One of the departments that has high horticultural productivity is the department of Cundinamarca, which represents 16% of the country's total production. Agriculture in Cundinamarca is one of the main economic drivers that moves the region, one of the crops grown is tomato, it is managed in a protected manner through greenhouses to improve its performance and production, the second largest agricultural sector. coverage is that of floriculture, where Cundinamarca is responsible for the production of 78% of the country's total flowers. Other types of crops, such as planting ornamental plants, require greenhouses entirely. Depending on the materials that make up a greenhouse, it is estimated that 80% is plastic, represented in the roof and wall construction covers. These covers have a variable useful life, depending on the crop being managed, it can vary between six months and years. , the plastic cover having a maximum approximate life of five to six years to be permanently discarded. The problem of sustainable management of these covers focuses on the efficient practice for managing plastic waste generated by the farmers' union in Cundinamarca. At a global level, a series of methodologies have been implemented and case studies have been carried out regarding the alternatives that have been implemented representing environmental and economic benefits for farmers. This research offers an alternative application of circular economy in the management of covers used in greenhouses, proposing a practical solution that generates synergy in the farmers' union in the department of Cundinamarca.
Innovación de modelo de negocio circular en la industria cosmética : una aproximación desde el design thinking
(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) González Londoño, César Arnulfo; Tabares Arroyave, Sabrina Alejandra Patricia
In the development of this Master's Thesis, an analysis of the innovation process of a circular business model for the cosmetics industry was carried out through the Design Thinking Methodology in 4 stages: empathize, define, ideate, and prototype. With the implementation of this methodology, a value proposition for the consumer of cosmetic products is proposed as a central element for the development of a circular business model for a company in the cosmetic sector in Medellín, Colombia. The scope of this research is to propose a circular business model that seeks to generate solutions to the challenge of reducing and making more efficient the management of plastic waste in the cosmetics industry. As a central part of the business innovation model, through the use of the Design Thinking methodology, surveys were carried out with 26 consumers of cosmetic products, resulting in the generation of circular solutions that imply a differentiated use of the plastic packaging of the cosmetic products of the company analyzed. During this research process, a group of experts on sustainability issues also participated. This research offers solutions from the business model to the use of waste; generating contributions to SDG 12: Responsible Production and Consumption in targets 12.4, 12.5 and 12.6 set out by the UN.
Retos y oportunidades en el proceso de ganadería sostenible del Grupo Nutresa
(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Grajales Vásquez, Alison Tatiana; Romero Hernández, Laura Daniela; Castaño Betancur, Nancy Janeth; Collazos Acosta, María del Pilar
Good Livestock Practices (GLP) play a crucial role in advancing Nutresa Group responsible sourcing objectives, especially within the integrated purchasing model of the meat business. This model involves agreements with suppliers for managing cattle from raising to delivery. To foster the adoption of GLP and promote more sustainable sourcing practices, a price incentive program has been introduced. This initiative enables cattle suppliers to boost their annual income by participating in the program Despite these incentives and the multiple benefits of implementing sustainable actions, significant gaps persist in the adoption of these practices. Furthermore, suppliers lack motivation to engage in this purpose, which we investigated through a qualitative analysis of semi-structured surveys involving various stakeholders in this context: farmers, farm coordinators from Nutresa Group, certifying entities, and associations. Given these challenges, the motivation for this research is to identify the enablers, opportunities, and critical points in the certification process, aiming to contribute to the consolidation of a local and sustainable supply chain aligned with the organization's strategy towards its stakeholders. Likewise, it is expected to contribute to the literature by integrating two components that have not been extensively developed together: the livestock sector and a successful cooperative sourcing model like Nutresa's, providing a reference point for future studies aimed at sector development. Thus, it is acknowledged that the absence of clear and rigorous regulation, the capacity of the certifying entity, the relationship among the actors involved and the challenges related to understanding the requirements and advantages of sustainable livestock farming processes and the economic resources available to materialize the certification process, lead suppliers to maintain conventional practices. Because even without certification, they can continue to be allies of the meat business, since it is intended that this is a gradual process and accompaniment beyond a requirement, therefore consolidating a virtuous cycle for the organization and its stakeholders, representing benefits in the different sustainability dimensions. In spite of the opportunities in this process, the roadmap established by the Meat Business for developing its suppliers has become a benchmark for the sector and other companies in creating stakeholder value, fostering more resilient supply chains to meet current and future socio-environmental challenges.
Desarrollo de la estrategia de reducción de huella de carbono de Nitrofert S.A.S
(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Obando Mera, Carolina; Hernández del Valle, Maira Fernanda; Echeverry, Luis Miguel; Grupo Empresarial Nitrofert; Enel Colombia S.A ESP
Implicaciones de aplicar estrategias de sostenibilidad en empresas medianas del sector agroindustrial
(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Quiceno Cadavid, María Alejandra; Meneses Avella, Andrés Julián; Mesa White, Juanita
The adoption of sustainable practices at the corporate level is a fundamental pillar for the development and long-term success of productive activities. In agriculture and agroindustry, these practices gain significant relevance, as these activities play an important role in the food supply chain, provide employment to more than one billion people, and generate more than $1.3 billion in food annually, according to the WWF (World Wildlife Fund). Globally, the urgency to address the climate crisis and consumer demands, driven by growing environmental awareness and challenges, constantly pushes the sector to maintain a state of continuous improvement and adopt sustainable approaches in its practices. Considering this, this document aims, through a case study, to diagnose the reality of medium- sized agricultural/agroindustrial companies in Colombia. Using qualitative interviews and content analysis, we will explore how the implementation of sustainable practices is reflected in the company's environmental, social, economic, or corporate governance development. Additionally, we will identify the benefits these strategies bring to operational efficiency, the quality of life of their employees, the well-being of local communities, and the environment. Specifically in Colombia, acquiring knowledge and experience to implement and manage sustainability programs is prioritized. Due to their characteristics, medium-sized agroindustrial companies have the resources and the purpose of expanding into new markets but lack the implementation of these systems or do not have their strategies properly documented to measure and communicate them. In conclusion, this study proposes, through a diagnosis and improvement plan based on a business case study, to identify the intersection between corporate responsibility, environmental management, and innovation in the agricultural and agroindustrial sector. The goal is to deeply understand the challenges and benefits linked to the transition towards sustainability and contribute to strategic decision-making in this sector, under the premise that sustainability is not an option but a necessity and the key to generating value and business survival.
Retos y oportunidades para el desarrollo del pago por servicios ambientales en la provincia de Cartama
(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) López Betancur, Sebastián; Sierra Vásquez, Sebastián; Gutiérrez Rúa, Juliana María
In the development of this research, an exploration and analysis of Payment for Environmental Services (PES) is conducted as a potential tool to promote ecosystem conservation in the Cartama Province. Based on its location, regional importance, and ecosystem diversity, the Province could implement this mechanism. Starting from a literature review and the analysis of international references and enabling regulations in Colombia, criteria were established for the development of PES. This information was subsequently analyzed in the context of Cartama and validated through interviews with local stakeholders. The research results propose challenges and opportunities that can be considered when implementing PES in the Cartama Province, contributing to current discussions on sustainable development models for the territory. Additionally, a guide is proposed to facilitate practical measurement of the social return on investment for the three main stakeholder groups in PES development: communities, companies, and government.
Evaluación y cuantificación del impacto social en proyectos WASH de agua potable en Colombia : caso Aquavida
(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Caro Garcia, Mónica María; Ospina Restrepo, Paola Andrea; Carrero Rivera, Diana Marcela
Ensuring sustainable and equitable access to water and sanitation is a global concern, which is reflected in Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 6. Globally, progress in access to safe drinking water services is notable but insufficient. It is expected that by 2030 only 81% of the world's population will have access to safe drinking water in their homes. Colombia is part of this challenge; In the year 2023, it is reported that 25% of the country's population has inadequate access to drinking water service, with rural areas being the most affected. The programs developed by non-governmental organizations become relevant in this context, as is the case of Aquavida of the Grupo Argos Foundation, through the delivery of clay filters for purification to families in remote areas of the country. To validate the social impact of this program, we took surveys and interviews from a sample of the beneficiary population in the 8 departments of Colombia to estimate, from a multivariate model, the relationship between the use of the clay filter and the possible reduction in illnesses and reduction of expenses at home. The evidence allows us to infer that WASH programs, such as clay filters in populations with a lack of access and water quality, show benefits in terms of social impact and an increase in economic savings; on the other hand, they allow us infer that there is a weak relationship between the perception of water quality and the reduction of diseases. On the other hand, a significant relationship is observed between economic savings in families due to reduced expenses for purchasing water or purchasing gas/electricity and the good use and condition of the clay filter, added to a positive perception of the water in the filter, being families with incomes less than 0.4 SMMLV. who experience a greater positive impact in reducing expenses. This allows us to infer that the good use of the filter generates a good perception in families of having drinking water for consumption, therefore this condition allows generating economic savings by avoiding the purchase of bagged or bottled water or the purchase of gas or electricity.
Guía de implementación para el diseño y comunicación de la estrategia sostenible para pequeñas y medianas empresas en Colombia
(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Mesa Jaramillo, Natalia; Henao Alarcón, Mariana; Salazar Quintero, María Clara
This study was born out of the needs of SMEs in Colombia to place sustainability at the center of their strategy. For this reason, a practical methodology was developed so that small and medium-sized enterprises in the country can design and communicate their sustainable strategies, responding to environmental and market trends. This serves as a competitive advantage, allowing them to respond to environmental and market trends and needs, accelerate their involvement in sustainability conversations, face challenges and opportunities to grow their business lines with sustainability aspects, improve productivity, as well as meet current and future requirements from authorities, regulators, or other stakeholders, and make decisions considering their sustainable strategy. This methodology can also be implemented by large companies interested in the development of some of their stakeholders, such as suppliers, business partners, customers, and strategic allies or joint ventures. The methodology used to carry out this study was based on bibliographic consultation and systematic literature review on the current barriers that SMEs face in designing and implementing their sustainable strategies, the topics that are most important for this type of company around sustainability, and the tools available in the environment. With the collected inputs, the methodology was constructed, which was validated by sustainability experts through structured interviews.
Alternativas de acción climática adaptadas al contexto del país para las empresas de Colombia
(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Soler Arango, Mateo; Betancur Cadavid, Natalia; Jaramillo, Martín
This document conducts an analysis of climate change at the global level, identifying the main actions being taken to combat it. It examines some of the major policies and international agreements, highlighting a predominant focus on mitigation strategies over adaptation strategies. Subsequently, it emphasizes the context of Latin America and specifically Colombia, a country with low contributions to global GHG emissions but highly vulnerable to climate change, and proposes management alternatives for companies.
Análisis prospectivo SROI – estudio aplicado a proyecto de generación de energía renovable
(Universidad EAFIT, 2024) Moreno Torres, María Paula; Sandoval Parra, Cristian Camilo; Ortega Arango, Santiago
The path of energy transition under sustainability criteria requires the promotion of projects that involve generation sources from renewable natural resources, as well as the implementation of innovative technologies and the participation of local communities as the main actors in the governance of natural resources within their territories. Traditionally, the analysis of these projects has focused on the contrast between socio-environmental costs and benefits, serving as a tool for decision-making related to their financial viability and socio-environmental performance. Recently, the projection of a theory of change and the estimation of the Social Return on Investment have gained relevance as tools for designing projects aimed at creating social and environmental value in the territories where interventions will take place. In this research, we employ the theory of change and estimate the social return on investment applied to the Renewable Energy Feasibility Project of the Río Ambeima (Tolima, Colombia), whose analysis will be useful in later stages for informed decision-making, periodic monitoring of social value indicators, and continuous improvement in community management processes and socioenvironmental investment. The methodology allowed us to identify four major needs and/or problems to be resolved along with their respective expected outcomes. Considering that this is a prospective model, the SROI analysis was conducted individually and differentiated for the two main stages of the project, covering a total time horizon of fourteen years. Through the determination of five indicators and seven proxies for the valuation of the 4 expected outcomes, the SROI analysis revealed that for every monetary unit invested in the project, two units of social and economic value are generated, demonstrating a significant improvement in the expected change variables.
Instrumento para la implementación de prácticas sostenibles en conjuntos residenciales en Colombia
(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) González Castro, Ana María; Galeano Morales, Ángela Camila; Bartelsman Aristizábal, Lisa; González Agudelo, María Isabel; González-Pérez, María Alejandra
Accelerated and unsustainable urban growth has intensified inequality, pressure on ecosystem services and transformed housing into a multifunctional space, posing latent challenges to achieving sustainable cities and improved quality of life. In this context, the purpose of the research was to develop a tool to implement sustainable practices in urban residential developments, aligned with the SDGs, their goals and the daily actions that can contribute from this scale. A pilot scenario was selected where primary information was collected through observation and participatory methodologies with key actors, to diagnose its current state in sustainability and build a roadmap towards more sustainable individual and collective behaviors. Based on the understanding of SDGs goals, the pilot, experts’ interviews and strategic planning, the tool was developed including a SWOT analysis, a materiality matrix and a communication plan. Its articulated implementation provides a solid basis for managing the whole with sustainable criteria and supporting more informed decisions for the urban residential developments. It was identified that sustainability in this housing model depends on the synergy between individual and collective actions, existence of incentives, as well as effective mechanisms of participation and communication. In addition, dialogue with stakeholders such as the real estate guild and government entities strengthens trust and facilitates the articulation of sustainable practices, aligned with the regulatory framework that regulates this residential regime in the country.
Modelo de valor compartido, con enfoque comunitario, para la sostenibilidad corporativa
(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Montoya Quintero, Sergio; Rivillas Valencia, Natalia Eugenia; Sanmiguel Jiménez, Alfredo; Velez-Ocampo, Juan Fernando
Implementación de la herramienta tecnológica Pl4n3t para la gestión integral de emisiones de GEI. Caso de estudio - Spec lng
(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Fajardo Sanabria, María Camila; Cordero Dávila, Angélica María; Sarmiento Figueroa, Jhorman Alcides; Gómez Trujillo, Ana María
This study analyzes the implementation of the technological tool PL4N3T for the comprehensive management of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions at SPEC LNG, the first terminal for the import, storage, and regasification of liquefied natural gas (LNG) in Colombia. The research addresses the challenge of accurately quantifying the carbon footprint in a critical sector such as LNG, where significant methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions present key sustainability challenges. The methodological design was based on a qualitative case study that combined semi-structured interviews with key informants from various operational areas at SPEC LNG, direct observation of processes, and documentary analysis of historical reports. The triangulation of these sources enabled a comprehensive diagnosis of the current state of emissions management at SPEC LNG and the effectiveness of the implemented tool. Among the most relevant findings, it was identified that the majority of emissions are concentrated in the use of generators and gas vapor venting, also highlighting the importance of optimizing processes during periods of low demand. The implementation of PL4N3T strengthened the quantification capacity and improved data traceability. However, challenges remain in optimizing the internal and external dissemination of results, a key aspect to support strategic decision-making and advance the organization’s sustainability objectives. The study concludes that the implementation of digital tools such as PL4N3T represents a significant step forward in operational management and in strengthening emissions monitoring and reporting processes. These improvements help consolidate the foundation for more detailed environmental performance. Additionally, recommendations are proposed to continue optimizing technological integration and maximize positive environmental impact, in line with the Sustainable Development Goals, particularly SDG 9 and SDG 13.
Estrategias de sostenibilidad en eventos masivos : marco de trabajo aplicado al foro mundial de datos de las Naciones Unidas
(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Rendón Marín, David; Franco Espinosa, Juan David; González-Pérez, María Alejandra; Ruiz Daza, Laura
Educación para la regeneración en América Latina y sus aportes para la medición de transiciones regenerativas en el Instituto Técnico Agropecuario de Támesis, Antioquia
(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Arteaga Peña, Juan Pablo; Cortés Romero, Paula Stefanny; Gutiérrez Rúa, Juliana
This research project is being conducted at the Instituto Técnico Agropecuario (ITA) in Támesis, Antioquia, using a qualitative methodology with a participatory action approach. Documentary analysis, semi-structured interviews, and participatory workshops were utilized to design a conceptual framework aimed at better understanding regenerative practices applied globally in recent years. This framework is organized into four main categories: Philosophical and Cultural Principles; Collaboration and Action Processes; Systemic and Transformative Dynamics; and Governance and Leadership. These categories are grounded in the contributions of authors such as Gibbons, Müller, and Biederman, among others. ITA was chosen for its established trajectory in regenerative-focused projects, including the local pollinator group, the practice of minimum tillage, and the production of organic coffee. These initiatives demonstrate a significant commitment to regeneration, even though they are not always explicitly framed within a formal theoretical framework. Based on these practices, a checklist was developed that, in addition to being applicable to this institution, can be adapted to others, considering their specific characteristics and contexts. As a result, a participatory checklist was created to serve as a tool for evaluating the degree of regeneration in educational institutions. This tool was applied at ITA and made it possible to identify both strengths and opportunities for improvement in its regenerative practices. The proposed model has the potential to be adapted in other educational institutions, as it is grounded in universal principles of regeneration, while allowing for contextualization according to the socioterritorial realities of each community.
Análisis de Ciclo de Vida (ACV) de productos derivados cárnicos : explorando la relación entre sostenibilidad ambiental y económica
(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Montoya Aguirre, Ana Milena; Ríos Gil, Estefanía; Polanco López de Mesa, Camilo
This study analyzes the relationship between Life Cycle Analysis (LCA), environmental sustainability and costs in the market in two meat product references, using 500g of finished product as the functional unit. Using openLCA software, the production processes were modeled considering elementary flows and proxy processes constructed with primary and secondary data, respecting criteria of traceability and confidentiality. The AGRIBALYSE 3.2, ELCD 3.2 and ECCC databases were used, and the ReCiPe 2016 Endpoint (H) and IPCC 2013 GWP 100ª methods were applied to assess the environmental impact. The results indicate that the reference of higher cost generates higher impact, and that aspects such as the type of protein used in the raw material, energy efficiency, waste valorization and selection of raw materials significantly influence the environmental load. Opportunities for improvement were identified in thermal processes, formulations and packaging materials. It was also found that consumers value attributes such as nutritional quality and packaging when defining sustainability. The conclusions highlight the importance of communicating based on technical evidence, and of strengthening practices from the design and formulation of the product, industrial symbiosis and the selection of suppliers committed to sustainability. This study contributes to the understanding of how to integrate sustainability and economy in the decision making in the meat sector.
Herramienta de medición de circularidad aplicada a la agroindustria para fortalecer la gestión sostenible bajo criterios ESG
(Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Osorio Arboleda, Carlos Andrés; Naranjo Santa, Katerine; Polanco López de Mesa Flórez, Camilo
Agribusiness faces significant challenges stemming from its economic activity and its use of available resources without measuring their impact, which is generating negative impacts on the environment. These negative impacts are exacerbated in the context of a traditional linear economic model based on extracting, manufacturing, using, and disposing, which is unsustainable in the face of growing global demands and planetary boundaries. Considering this, the circular economy presents itself as a sustainable alternative to the traditional linear economic model. According to the Circularity Gap Report 2024, only 7.2% of the global economy is circular, which demonstrates a stagnation in the transition toward sustainable models. This situation has led to six of the nine planetary boundaries already being surpassed, putting the stability of the Earth's system at risk (Circle Economy & Deloitte, 2024). In our context, in Colombia, as explained in the Circular Economy Business Guide (Colombia Productiva, 2020), agribusiness generates approximately 65% of organic waste, most of which is unused. This figure highlights a significant opportunity to incorporate circular economy strategies in our country that enable efficient use of resources and the closing of production cycles, especially in strategic sectors such as agribusiness, which has high potential for generating environmental, social, and economic value. Now, looking at the global context, agricultural production is responsible for 30% of total energy consumption and 22% of total greenhouse gas emissions (United Nations [UN], 2015). It can be stated that agriculture is one of the human activities with the greatest environmental impact. In conclusion, this study will propose a set of key indicators to measure the level of circularity, in accordance with recognized standards and methodologies. In addition, global risk reports will be consulted to identify emerging trends and risks, which will provide insight into how circularity management could be strengthened in the Colombian agribusiness sector. This understanding will contribute to enhancing the sector's sustainability, increasing its competitiveness, and facilitating more effective management of risks associated with ESG (environmental, social, and governance) pillars.

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