Repositorio Institucional Universidad EAFIT ::Examinando por Autor "Restrepo, R."

Examinando por Autor "Restrepo, R."

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Analysis of optomechanicalMethod for materials selection in optical design
(OSA - The Optical Society, 2016-01-01) Cano-Barrera, C.; Restrepo, R.; Zuluaga-Ramírez, P.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
We present a technique to determine the wavefront error and polarization changes introduced by a loaded optical material based on its optical, thermal and mechanical properties through an integrated optomechanical simulation process. © OSA 2016.
Applications of spatial light modulators in speckle interferometry
(SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2012-01-01) Bodendorfer, T.; Restrepo, R.; Belenguer, T.; Koch, A.W.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
High resolution spatial light modulators (SLM) have been used in many different ways during the last years. Regarding speckle interferometry, different applications can be realized by integrating SLMs in interferometric setup. In this work the influence of a liquid crystal based phase-only SLM on the measurement quality concerning deformation and shape measurement using two wavelengths is discussed. © 2012 Copyright SPIE.
Consumed fatigue life assessment of composite material structures by optical surface roughness inspection
(Trans Tech Publications Ltd., 2013-01-01) Zuluaga, P.; Frövel, M.; Restrepo, R.; Trallero, R.; Atienza, R.; Pintado, J.M.; Belenguer, T.; Salazar, F.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
A strong knowledge of the fatigue state of highly advanced carbon fiber reinforced polymer composite (CFRP) structures is essential to predict the residual life and optimize intervals of structural inspection, repairs, and/or replacements. Current techniques are based mostly on measurement of structural loads throughout the service life by electric strain gauge sensors. These sensors are affected by extreme environmental conditions and by fatigue loads in such a way that the sensors and their systems require exhaustive maintenance throughout system life. This work is focused on providing a new technique to evaluate the fatigue state of CFRP structures by means of evaluating the surface roughness variation due to fatigue damage. The surface roughness is a property that can be measured in the field by optical techniques such as speckle and could be a useful tool for structural health monitoring. The relation between surface roughness and fatigue life has been assessed on CFRP test specimens. A tensile fatigue load with an R=0.1 (T-T) and a maximum load of 60% of the material ultimate strength has been applied. The surface roughness of the specimens has been determined from the surface topography measured by a high precision confocal microscope. Results show that the surface roughness of the specimens increases with the accumulation of fatigue cycles in such a way that the roughness could be taken into account as a fatigue damage metrics for CFRP. © (2013) Trans Tech Publications.
Effects of aberrations in vortex-beams generated with amplitude diffraction gratings
(SPIE, 2016-01-01) Cuartas-Vélez, C.; Echeverri-Chacón, S.; Restrepo, R.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
We present a mathematical model for the generation of vortex-beams by using a square profile amplitude fork diffraction grating with arbitrary topological charge. The mathematical framework of aberrations in the forked-shape diffraction grating is analysed, and the resulting diffracted pattern is simulated. Three cases of desired distortions (aberrations) in the diffraction grating are considered, obtaining phase modulation from the amplitude grating. Experimental optical vortices are generated by using a transmission spatial light modulator, which is used as a dynamic diffraction grating, allowing us to aberrate it. We show the effect of aberrations in the experimental diffracted vortex-beams and compare it with the numerical simulation. © 2016 SPIE.
Electronic speckle pattern interferometry technique for the measurement of complex mechanical structures for aero-spatial applications
(SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2010-01-01) Restrepo, R.; Uribe-Patarroyo, N.; Garranzo, D.; Pintado, J.M.; Frovel, M.; Belenguer, T.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
Using the electronic speckle pattern interferometry (ESPI) technique in the in-plane arrangement, the coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of a composite material that will be used in a passive focusing mechanism of an aerospace mission was measured. This measurement with ESPI was compared with another interferometric method (Differential Interferometer), whose principal characteristic is its high accuracy, but the measurement is only local. As a final step, the results have been used to provide feedback with the finite element analysis (FEA). Before the composite material measurements, a quality assessment of the technique was carried out measuring the CTE of Aluminum 6061-T6. Both techniques were compared with the datasheet delivered by the supplier. A review of the basic concepts was done, especially with regards to ESPI, and the considerations to predict the quality in the fringes formation were explained. Also, a review of the basic concepts for the mechanical calculation in composite materials was done. The CTE of the composite material found was 4.69X10-6 ± 3X10-6K-1. The most important advantage between ESPI and differential interferometry is that ESPI provides more information due to its intrinsic extended area, surface deformation reconstruction, in comparison with the strictly local measurement of differential interferometry. © 2010 Copyright SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering.
EMIR, the GTC NIR multiobject imager-spectrograph
(2007-01-01) Garzón, F.; Abreu, D.; Barrera, S.; Becerril, S.; Cairós, L.M.; Díaz, J.J.; Fragoso-López, A.B.; Gago, F.; Grange, R.; González, C.; López, P.; Patrón, J.; Pérez, J.; Rasilla, J.L.; Redondo, P.; Restrepo, R.; Saavedra, P.; Sánchez, V.; Tenegi, F.; Vallbé, M.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
Espectrógrafo Multi-objecto InfraRojo (EMIR), currently entering into its fabrication and AIV phase, will be one of the first common user instruments for the GTC, the 10 m telescope under construction by GRANTECAN at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory (Canary Islands, Spain). EMIR is being built by a Consortium of Spanish and French institutes led by the Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias (IAC). EMIR is designed to realize one of the central goals of 10 m class telescopes, allowing observers to obtain spectra for large numbers of faint sources in an time-efficient manner. EMIR is primarily designed to be operated as a MOS in the K band, but offers a wide range of observing modes, including imaging and spectroscopy, both long slit and multiobject, in the wavelength range 0.9-2.5 µm. It is equipped with two innovative subsystems: a robotic reconfigurable multislits mask and dispersive elements formed by the combination of high quality diffraction grating and conventional prisms, both at the heart of the instrument. The present status of development, expected performances, schedule, and plans for scientific exploitation are described and discussed. The development and fabrication of EMIR is funded by GRANTECAN and the Plan Nacional de Astronomía y Astrofísica (National Plan for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Spain). © 2007 Springer.
EMIR: The GTC NIR multi-object imager-spectrograph
(SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2006-01-01) Garzón, F.; Abreu, D.; Barrera, S.; Becerril, S.; Cairós, L.M.; Díaz, J.J.; Fragoso, A.B.; Gago, F.; Grange, R.; González, C.; López, P.; Patrón, J.; Pérez, J.; Rasilla, J.L.; Redondo, P.; Restrepo, R.; Saavedra, P.; Sánchez, V.; Tenegi, F.; Vallbé, M.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
EMIR, currently entering into its fabrication and AIV phase, will be one of the first common user instruments for the GTC, the 10 meter telescope under construction by GRANTECAN at the Roque de los Muchachos Observatory (Canary Islands, Spain). EMIR is being built by a Consortium of Spanish and French institutes led by the Institute de Astrofisica de Canarias (IAC). EMIR is designed to realize one of the central goals of 10m class telescopes, allowing observers to obtain spectra for large numbers of faint sources in an time-efficient manner. EMIR is primarily designed to be operated as a MOS in the K band, but offers a wide range of observing modes, including imaging and spectroscopy, both long slit and multiobject, in the wavelength range 0.9 to 2. 5 µm. It is equipped with two innovative subsystems: a robotic reconfigurable multislit mask and disperssive elements formed by the combination of high quality difracction grating and conventional prisms, both at the heart of the instrument. The present status of development, expected performances, schedule and plans for scientific exploitation are described and discussed. The development and fabrication of EMIR is funded by GRANTECAN and the Plan Nacional de Astronomia y Astrofisica (National Plan for Astronomy and Astrophysics, Spain).
High dynamic range imaging method for interferometry
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2011-01-01) Vargas, J.; Restrepo, R.; Quiroga, J.A.; Belenguer, T.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
We demonstrate a method to easily and quickly extend the dynamic range imaging capabilities of the camera in a typical interferometric approach. The camera dynamic range is usually low and limited to 256 gray levels. Also, it is well known that one may have over or under-exposed regions in the interferogram (due to non-uniform illumination) which makes these image regions not reliable. In our proposed method it is not necessary to obtain or use the non-linear camera response curve in order to extend the camera dynamic range. We obtain a sequence of differently exposed interferograms, typically five or six; after that, we compute the corresponding normalized fringe patterns and modulation maps using a typical normalization method. These normalized patterns are combined through a temporal weighted average using as weights the corresponding modulation maps. We show a set of experimental results that prove the effectiveness of the proposed method. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Imaging polarimeters based on liquid crystal variable retarders: An emergent technology for space instrumentation
(SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2011-01-01) Alvarez-Herrero, A.; Uribe-Patarroyo, N.; García Parejo, P.; Vargas, J.; Heredero, R.L.; Restrepo, R.; Martínez-Pillet, V.; Del Toro Iniesta, J.C.; López, A.; Fineschi, S.; Capobianco, G.; Georges, M.; López, M.; Boer, G.; Manolis, I.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
The use of Liquid Crystal Variable Retarders (LCVRs) as polarization modulators are envisaged as a promising novel technique for space instrumentation due to the inherent advantage of eliminating the need for conventional rotary polarizing optics hence the need of mechanisms. LCVRs is a mature technology for ground applications; they are wellknow, already used in polarimeters, and during the last ten years have undergone an important development, driven by the fast expansion of commercial Liquid Crystal Displays. In this work a brief review of the state of the art of imaging polarimeters based on LCVRs is presented. All of them are ground instruments, except the solar magnetograph IMaX which flew in 2009 onboard of a stratospheric balloon as part of the SUNRISE mission payload, since we have no knowledge about other spaceborne polarimeters using liquid crystal up to now. Also the main results of the activity, which was recently completed, with the objective to validate the LCVRs technology for the Solar Orbiter space mission are described. In the aforementioned mission, LCVRs will be utilized in the polarisation modulation package of the instruments SO/PHI (Polarimetric and Helioseismic Imager for Solar Orbiter) and METIS/COR (Multi Element Telescope for Imaging and Spectroscopy, Coronagraph). © 2011 Copyright Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).
Improvement of the signal-to-noise ratio in interferometry using multi-frame high-dynamic-range and normalization algorithms
(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2012-01-01) Restrepo, R.; Uribe-Patarroyo, N.; Belenguer, T.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
Using both high dynamic range (HDR) and normalization methodologies, we show a method to improve the fringe pattern contrast in interferometric measurements normally used for phase recovering. In a simulated interferogram that mimics the main effects that can be found in an interferometric process (stray-light, photon noise, electronic noise, scattering phenomena, etc.) it was possible to improve the contrast of the fringes and to decrease the root mean square error by more than 35%. The method proposed is applied to experimental interferograms to measure wavefront error and retardance changes on liquid crystal (LC) devices. It is done by using a Mach-Zehnder set-up in which we used different polarization areas. The proposed method increases the quality of the phase recovered and decreases the root mean square error by 50%. © 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Improving on-axis optical vortex generation by transmissive spatial light modulator using coherent phase diversity
(OSA - The Optical Society, 2016-01-01) Cuartas-Vélez, C.; Restrepo, R.; Echeverri-Chacón, S.; Uribe-Patarroyo, N.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
We present a modification of numerical optimization coherent phase diversity in order to detect and correct undesired effects of non-linear and incomplete phase modulation of transmissive spatial light modulators for on-axis optical vortices. © OSA 2016.
Inspection of an extended surface by an active 3D multiresolution technique
(Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2009-01-01) Vargas, J.; Restrepo, R.; Quiroga, J.A.; Belenguer, T.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
Reliable inspection of large surfaces with low depth recovery error is needed in a wide variety of industrial applications, for example in deformation measurement or defect inspection of extended surfaces as communication antennas. Active triangulation measurement systems present a compromise between the depth recovery error and the measured area. For an optimized active three-dimensional measuring system the expected ratio between the depth resolution and the inspected area is in the rage of 10-4. Therefore, if we want to scan a large object with a high level of detail we need multiresolution techniques. In this work we demonstrate the application of an active triangulation multiresolution method for the inspection of communication antennas. The technique is based on a standard camera-projector system. The result is a global measurement formed by a set of superposed local measurement with high depth resolution. © 2009 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.
An integrated system for virtual scene rendering, stereo reconstruction and accuracy estimation
(2006-01-01) Marichal-Hernández, J.G.; Pérez Nava, F.; Rosa, F.; Restrepo, R.; Rodríguez-Ramos, J.M.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
This article depicts an integrated system capable of generating virtual stereo scenes, reconstructing a three-dimensional map of distances, and calculating the accuracy of the results obtained. This tool is particularly useful for verifying the validity of distance reconstruction techniques, and is robust enough to use in a wide variety of scenarios since it avoids the need for an image-capture system in laboratory simulations. The importance of the distance reconstruction problem lies in the range of its applications: industrial inspection and quality control, surveillance and security, autonomous vehicles, robotic systems, medical image analysis, image databases, virtual reality, telepresence, and telerobotics. The system is based on the VRML standard for three-dimensional geometric scene representation, on OpenGL for rendering virtual scenes, and on the TRW algorithm for the problem of three-dimensional reconstruction. © 2006 IEEE.
Metodología para Detección de Características Faciales con Fines de Reconocimiento de Emociones
(Universidad EAFIT, 2014) Gonzalez, C.; Rincon, S.; Quintero, O.L.; Restrepo, R.; Universidad EAFIT. Escuela de Ciencias. Grupo de Investigación Modelado Matemático
It is believed that the detection of emotions could lead to determine the mood of a person or even a possible fraud. The detection of key facial features to detect emotions are of easy recognition for humans, but the diffculty increases when is done by software. For this reason, this investigation addresses the problem of detection of emotions through several techniques, identifying one in particular based on the golden proportions, which strengthens the detection of facial features and therefore the detection of emotion, keeping rational measures of uncertainty.
Shack-Hartmann centroid detection using the spiral phase transform
(OSA - The Optical Society of America, 2012-01-01) Vargas, J.; Restrepo, R.; Estrada, J.C.; Sorzano, C.O.S.; Du, Y.-Z.; Carazo, J.M.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
We present a Shack-Hartmann (SH) centroid detection algorithm capable to measure in presence of strong noise, background illumination and spot modulating signals, which are typical limiting factors of traditional centroid detection algorithms. The proposed method is based on performing a normalization of the SH pattern using the spiral phase transform method and Fourier filtering. The spot centroids are then obtained using global thresholding and weighted average methods. We have tested the algorithm with simulations and experimental data obtaining satisfactory results. A complete MATLAB package that can reproduce all the results can be downloaded from [http://goo.gl/o2JhD]. © 2012 Optical Society of America.
Shack-Hartmann spot dislocation map determination using an optical flow method
(OPTICAL SOC AMER, 2014-01-27) Vargas, J.; Restrepo, R.; Belenguer, T.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
We present a robust, dense, and accurate Shack-Hartmann spot dislocation map determination method based on a regularized optical flow algorithm that does not require obtaining the spot centroids. The method is capable to measure in presence of strong noise, background illumination and spot modulating signals, which are typical limiting factors of traditional centroid detection algorithms. Moreover, the proposed approach is able to face cases where some of the reference beam spots have not a corresponding one in the distorted Hartmann diagram, and it can expand the dynamic range of the Shack-Hartmann sensor unwrapping the obtained dense dislocation maps. We have tested the algorithm with both simulations and experimental data obtaining satisfactory results. A complete MATLAB package that can reproduce all the results can be downloaded from [http://goo.gl/XbZVOr]. © 2014 Optical Society of America.
Space-qualified liquid-crystal variable retarders for wide-field-of-view coronagraphs
(SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2011-01-01) Uribe-Patarroyo, N.; Alvarez-Herrero, A.; García Parejo, P.; Vargas, J.; Heredero, R.L.; Restrepo, R.; Martínez Pillet, V.; Del Toro Iniesta, J.C.; López, A.; Fineschi, S.; Capobianco, G.; Georges, M.; López, M.; Boer, G.; Manolis, I.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
Liquid-crystal variable retarders (LCVRs) are an emergent technology for space-based polarimeters, following its success as polarization modulators in ground-based polarimeters and ellipsometers. Wide-field double nematic LCVRs address the high angular sensitivity of nematic LCVRs at some voltage regimes. We present a work in which wide-field LCVRs were designed and built, which are suitable for wide-field-of-view instruments such as polarimetric coronagraphs. A detailed model of their angular acceptance was made, and we validated this technology for space environmental conditions, including a campaign studying the effects of gamma, proton irradiation, vibration and shock, thermo-vacuum and ultraviolet radiation. © 2011 Copyright Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers (SPIE).
Status of the EMIR mechanical system
(SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2006-06-28) Sánchez, V.; Barrera, S.; Becerril, S.; Correa, S.; Pérez, J.; Redondo, P.; Restrepo, R.; Saavedra, P.; Tenegi, F.; Patrón, J.; Garzón, F.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
EMIR is the NIR multi-object imager and spectrograph for the GTC (Gran Telescopic Canarias). The instrument ADR (Advanced Design Review) was held successfully in March 2006. During the AD phase, a number of mechanical concepts were tested on development prototypes to ensure the feasibility of the PDR proposed designs. This presentation contains an overview of the current mechanical status of the instrument, as well as the prototypes development. It contains the prototype tests results of the collimator first lens barrel, the support trusses, the grisms wheel and the demonstration programme for the cryogenic reconfigurable slit mechanism.
Test results. EMIR optomechanics
(SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING, 2005-08-30) Barrera, S.; González, C.; Manescau, A.; Abreu, D.; Becerril, S.; Correa, S.; Fragoso, A.; Pérez, J.; Redondo, P.; Restrepo, R.; Saavedra, P.; Sánchez, V.; Tenegi, F.; Garzón, F.; Patrón, J.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
EMIR is a NIR multiobject spectrograph with imaging capabilities to be used at the GTC. The first collimator lens in EMIR, made of Fused Silica, has an outer diameter of 490 mm, and a weight of 265 N, which make it one of the largest Fused Silica lenses ever mounted to work under cryogenic conditions. The results of the various tests being done at the IAC (with two different lens dummies) in order to validate a mounting design concept for this lens, are presented here. The radial support concept tested consists of three contact areas around the lens, one of which is a PTFE block, preloaded by coil springs and the other two are fixed supports made of Aluminum and PTFE, dimensioned in order to keep lens centered both at room temperature and under operation conditions.
Volumetric non-local-means based speckle reduction for optical coherence tomography
(OSA - The Optical Society, 2018-07-01) Cuartas-Vélez, C.; Restrepo, R.; Bouma, B.E.; Uribe-Patarroyo, N.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias Básicas; Óptica Aplicada
We present a novel tomographic non-local-means based despeckling technique, TNode, for optical coherence tomography. TNode is built upon a weighting similarity criterion derived for speckle in a three-dimensional similarity window. We present an implementation using a two-dimensional search window, enabling the despeckling of volumes in the presence of motion artifacts, and an implementation using a three-dimensional window with improved performance in motion-free volumes. We show that our technique provides effective speckle reduction, comparable with B-scan compounding or out-of-plane averaging, while preserving isotropic resolution, even to the level of speckle-sized structures. We demonstrate its superior despeckling performance in a phantom data set, and in an ophthalmic data set we show that small, speckle-sized retinal vessels are clearly preserved in intensity images en-face and in two orthogonal, cross-sectional views. TNode does not rely on dictionaries or segmentation and therefore can readily be applied to arbitrary optical coherence tomography volumes. We show that despeckled esophageal volumes exhibit improved image quality and detail, even in the presence of significant motion artifacts. © 2018 Optical Society of America under the terms of the OSA Open Access Publishing Agreement.

Examinando por Autor "Restrepo, R."

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