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https://hdl.handle.net/10784/28018

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Examinando Artículos por Materia "Antioquia [Colombia]"

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    Understanding cycling travel distance: The case of Medellin city (Colombia)
    (Elsevier Ltd., 2020-06-23) Duque, J.; Ospina, J.; Botero Ferna´ndez, Vero´nica; Brussel, Mark; Grigolon, Anna; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Economía y Finanzas; Research in Spatial Economics (RISE)
    The relevance of cycling as a mode of transportation is increasingly being recognized in many cities around the world, and the city of Medellin (Colombia) is no exception. To better understand cycling travel behavior in Medellin, we perform a multiple regression to analyze the importance of route characteristics in explaining cycling travel distance. We control for socioeconomic and built environment variables at the origin and destination. Our results reveal that the effects of the socio-economic and built environment characteristics at the origin and destination are modest or statistically insignificant in explaining travel distance. However, the variables that characterize the built and natural environment along the route are significant and appreciably improve the explanatory power of the baseline econometric model. An analysis of interacting effects shows that the interaction between the dedicated infrastructure along the route and the degree of deviation from direct routes has a relevant effect on explaining travel distance. The findings of this work are useful for designing cycling policy and developing more usable cycling infrastructure. © 2020 Elsevier Ltd
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    Using remote sensing to assess the relationship between crime and the urban layout
    (ELSEVIER SCI LTD, 2014-12-01) Patino, Jorge E.; Duque, Juan C.; Pardo-Pascual, Josep E.; Ruiz, Luis A.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Economía y Finanzas; Research in Spatial Economics (RISE)
    The link between place and crime is at the base of social ecology theories of crime that focus in the relationship of the characteristics of geographical areas and crime rates. The broken windows theory states that visible cues of physical and social disorder in a neighborhood can lead to an increase in more serious crime. The crime prevention through environmental design (CPTED) planning approach seeks to deter criminal behavior by creating defensible spaces. Based on the premise that a settlement's appearance is a reflection of the society, we ask whether a neighborhood's design has a quantifiable imprint when seen from space using urban fabric descriptors computed from very high spatial-resolution imagery. We tested which land cover, structure and texture descriptors were significantly related to intra-urban homicide rates in Medellin, Colombia, while controlling for socioeconomic confounders. The percentage of impervious surfaces other than clay roofs, the fraction of clay roofs to impervious surfaces, two structure descriptors related to the homogeneity of the urban layout, and the uniformity texture descriptor were all statistically significant. Areas with higher homicide rates tended to have higher local variation and less general homogeneity; that is, the urban layouts were more crowded and cluttered, with small dwellings with different roofing materials located in close proximity to one another, and these regions often lacked other homogeneous surfaces such as open green spaces, wide roads, or large facilities. These results seem to be in agreement with the broken windows theory and CPTED in the sense that more heterogeneous and disordered urban layouts are associated with higher homicide rates. © 2014 Elsevier Ltd.