Economía (trabajo de grado)

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¿Son los cultivos ilícitos la causa de la pobreza en los municipios colombianos?
(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Acosta Vera, Laura Valentina; Pérez Ceballos, Maritza; Duncan Cruz, Gustavo; Caly Amador, Tatiana Isabel
This paper seeks to stablish an argument to explain how the presence of illicit crops in a group of municipalities of Colombia had encouraged the high UBN (Unmet Basic Needs) levels. To do this, it has been estimated a model of Fixed Effects using dashboard data to 2005 and 2018, to calculate the effect over the UBN levels in the municipalities with presence of illicit crops, specifically of cocaine. In addition, it observed the effect of the population density, the presence of programs of cocaine eradication and the prioritization of municipalities by the Program of Development with Territorial Approach (PDET acronyms in Spanish). The principal finds, show that the illicit crops cause increments in UBN of the municipalities and that the eradication has an even more important effect over the increases of UBN, what it proves according to the literature, it explained by the characteristics of the cultivating municipalities, the relocation of crops to other municipalities and the lack of other sources of financing for peasants who grow coca. Finally, it is concluded that eradication with adequate state accompaniment (through PDET, for example) is especially useful to reduce the UBN of the municipalities.