Ingeniería y Ciencia, Vol. 17, Núm. 33 (2021)

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https://hdl.handle.net/10784/30374

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Air Quality in Aburrá Valley: What Can We Expect from the Smart City
(Universidad EAFIT, 2021-05-12) Cadavid-Giraldo, Nora; Orrego Guarín, Ana Zuelima; Barrera Jiménez, Humberto; Universidad EAFIT; Área Metropolitana del Valle de Aburrá; Secretaría de Movilidad de Medellín
The global phenomenon of urban growth, together with the rapid penetration of mobile telephony, internet of things, sensors, automation, real-time data exchange, etc., converge on a topic that generates great expectations: the smart city. Among its multiple implications, this text highlights relevant facts for air quality management in the Aburrá Valley. The starting point is the Air Quality Management Plan for the Aburrá Valley, valid for 2017-2030. A correlation between the management opportunities that the smart city offers to air quality, and the strategic lines of the plan is presented. Important solutions are identified from the bottom-up approach, focused on the massive use of information and the appropriation of digital tools to promote self-management of emissions in all areas - fixed and mobile, public and private sources.
Experimental Development of Fuzzy Controllers for Thermal and Pneumatic Processes
(Universidad EAFIT, 2021-05-12) Hernandez-Mesa, Richard S; Moreno-Garcia, Francisco E; Castro-Casadiego, Sergio A; Medina-Delgado, Byron; Universidad Francisco de Paula Santander
In this project, a Fuzzy control system is proposed in an industrial process training module with two independent systems between them, one thermal and the other pneumatic. The control algorithm is developed in Python language v3.6 executed by a Raspberry Pi B+, both controllers depend on the error and change in error that are updated in times of 2 s and 1 s, for temperature and pressure respectively, communication with the plants uses A/D and D/A converters, the thermal Fuzzy was analyzed with three temperature references [50,100 and 150]°C, with a rise time of 191 s, 360 s and 505 s; steady state error of 5.5%, 0.7% y 0.7%, in the pneumatic system the speed of change between references is evaluated from 10 psi to 15 psi varying the activation of the compressor at the beginning of the experiments, the settling times obtained are 111 s and 106 s, with the compressor off the result is 116 s and 88 s, besides a maximum excess of 13% with inherent oscillations to the type system that are in an acceptable range.
e— Calculus
(Universidad EAFIT, 2021-05-12) Jaramillo-Quiceno, Julio César; Universidad Nacional de Colombia
In this work formulate the e— calculus based on the nature of the electric charges, using Newton third law and the Coulomb law, the e— algebra and the q — e deformed algebra associating the variables ei; ej as elementary charges, and x as the conductive variable. The e— derivative is defined from a simple experiment off-on light bulb respectively. On the other hand, the e— series, the e— integral, the q — e derivatives, series and integrals and their respective convergence criteria are formulated. On the e— integrals a path or closed contour Γ (x) is established to define the e— contour integrals and finally the q — e deformed calculus and the q — e Heisenberg algebra are formulated.
Inference in Multiple Linear Regression Model with Generalized Secant Hyperbolic Distribution Errors
(Universidad EAFIT, 2021-05-12) Burbano Moreno, Álvaro Alexander; Melo-Martinez, Oscar Orlando; Qamarul Islam, M; Universidade Federal Minas Gerais; Universidad Nacional de Colombia; Middle East Technical University
We study multiple linear regression model under non-normally distributed random error by considering the family of generalized secant hyperbolic distributions. We derive the estimators of model parameters by using modified maximum likelihood methodology and explore the properties of the modified maximum likelihood estimators so obtained. We show that the proposed estimators are more efficient and robust than the commonly used least square estimators. We also develop the relevant test of hypothesis procedures and compared the performance of such tests vis-a-vis the classical tests that are based upon the least square approach.
Landslide Susceptibility Assessment Using the Scoops3D Model in a Tropical Mountainous Terrain
(Universidad EAFIT, 2021-05-12) J Marín, Roberto; Jaramillo-González, Ricardo; Universidad de Antioquia; Universidad de Antioquia
Many physically-based distributed models study the landslide occurrence using an infinite slope stability analysis, simulating a planar failure, which is not usually applicable to rotational failures and deep landslides. Recently, some three-dimensional distributed physically-based models have been developed that have been applied in different parts of the world. In this research, the Scoops3D model is implemented for a landslide susceptibility analysis in a tropical mountainous terrain of the Colombian Andes (Medellín, Colombia). In addition to identifying the areas susceptible to the occurrence of rotational landslides, the results of the safety factor are analyzed with the areas of associated critical failure surfaces to provide an interpretation and explanation of the simulation results. This is to have a better understanding of how the model works and to facilitate its implementation in landslide hazard assessment. The Scoops3D physicallybased model can be a very useful tool for mass movement risk management projects.
Optimal Algebra and Invariant Solutions for Chazy’s Equation
(Universidad EAFIT, 2021-05-12) Loaiza, G; Acevedo-Agudelo, Yeisson; Londoño-Duque, Oscar; Universidad EAFIT
We characterized the invariant solutions for Chazy’s equation using the generators of the optimal algebra, which was obtained using Lie group symmetries for the equation.
Proposal of a Cooling Device with Peltier Cells Powered by an Independent Photovoltaic System: A Case Study
(Universidad EAFIT, 2021-05-12) Solis Pino, Andres Felipe; Ramirez Palechor, Ginna Andrea; Alape Realpe, Luis Fernando; Corporación Universitaria Comfacauca
Currently, multiple studies are trying to establish alternatives that will allow for the reduction of the consequences of energy consumption and greenhouse gases. In this sense, photovoltaic solar energy has become a feasible option to alleviate this problem, also, new technologies have been sought to reduce the energy consumption of cooling devices, because they consume too much energy and use harmful refrigerants to accomplish their task. For this reason, Peltier cells can be a viable option to lower the temperature in closed spaces without generating waste or harmful emissions. In the present work, we propose to combine these initiatives in a unified system to take advantage of both technologies, implementing a cooling system that uses the thermoelectric effect to reduce the temperature inside, which is fed by an autonomous photovoltaic system using maximum power point tracking algorithms to improve its performance. The results show that the device is capable of lowering the temperature inside, allowing the conservation of elements at low and constant temperatures, without the disadvantages of common refrigerators. Finally, it is concluded that this system is a plausible possibility to replace cooling technologies where access to electrical energy is limited.
Sizing of Hybrid Photovoltaic-Wind Energy Systems Based on Local Data Acquisition
(Universidad EAFIT, 2021-05-12) Riaño, Cristhian; Florez, Elkin; Peña, Cesar; Universidad de Pamplona
Although there are different alternatives to provide energy, there are still remote regions with no nearby possibilities of having an electricity supply that meets their basic needs. Colombia, like many countries, does not have uniform environmental conditions; therefore, applying models for the dimensioning of energy systems based on renewable energy can be inefficient and expensive, making it difficult to access electricity in isolated places. The research aims to develop a sizing strategy for a hybrid system based on locally acquired environmental information to size a system that takes advantage of the natural resources available in the local in the best possible way. Information is collected through a data acquisition system on local environmental conditions, system requirements are established based on energy demand, and a mathematical model is sought that represents the electrical behavior. The model makes it possible to analyze the system’s behavior under variable environmental conditions in the region, thus guaranteeing an adequate dimensioning for a constant supply of low-power energy suitable for residential use. This article presents an alternative to characterize a hybrid power generation system (photovoltaic/wind turbine) through data collected on-site, which, when properly processed, allows the dimensioning of a more appropriate hybrid system to the environmental conditions the environment. The system was implemented in an experimental farm of the University of Pamplona located in the north of Colombia. Based on this strategy, a hybrid system was designed and installed to meet energy demands efficiently.

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