Examinando por Materia "VEHÍCULOS ELÉCTRICOS"
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Ítem Design and Simulation of a Battery Thermal Management System for a Solar-Electric Vessel(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Bustamante Castaño, Samuel; Mejía Gutiérrez, RicardoÍtem Development of an Energy Management Strategy for an electrically powered solar vessel(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Mendoza Giraldo, Felipe; Mejía Gutiérrez, RicardoÍtem Diseño de una arquitectura de control para vehículos eléctricos omnidireccionales(Universidad EAFIT, 2015) Cock Atehortúa, Lina Eugenia; Osorio Gómez, GilbertoLa necesidad de vehículos silenciosos sin emisiones de carbono, así como, el avance en motores eléctricos, baterías y controladores, han impulsado el desarrollo e investigación de productos de movilidad eléctrica en todo el mundo, desde pequeños robots que juegan fútbol, vehículos para transportar equipos de rescate o cámaras de vigilancia, sillas de ruedas o vehículos para movilidad unipersonal, hasta buses y montacargas -- Lo anterior motivó que se incorporara en el pensum de Ingeniería de Diseño de Producto de la Universidad EAFIT, un curso en el que los estudiantes deben diseñar y construir el prototipo de un producto de movilidad eléctrica -- La experiencia con el curso, muestra que el sistema de control y su integración con los sensores, actuadores y mandos del producto es esencial para lograr que éste sea confiable, robusto, amigable y constituye un factor diferenciador e innovador -- Así mismo, se han evidenciado dificultades en los prototipos que utilizan dirección por diferencial de velocidad, es decir cuando la dirección de desplazamiento se determina mediante el control de la velocidad y sentido de giro de dos de las ruedas cada una con un sistema de propulsión independiente -- Adicionalmente, una de las necesidades recurrentes ha sido el diseño y construcción de un vehículo fácil de maniobrar y de bajo costo que pueda evadir obstáculos, estacionar y circular fácilmente por pasillos estrechos o congestionados. Para esto, en la actualidad existen vehículos eléctricos omnidireccionales pero son productos costosos que integran todos los componentes (mecánicos y eléctricos) -- Lo anterior motivó el estudio del estado del arte en vehículos eléctricos omnidireccionales y el análisis de la posibilidad de ofrecer a los estudiantes del curso la opción de controladores que se puedan utilizar en diferentes productos con características de movimiento omnidireccional -- Se encontraron fabricantes de vehículos omnidireccionales, pero sus productos son costosos y los controladores utilizados son específicos para los componentes mecánicos y eléctricos -- Se plantea el objetivo de desarrollar una arquitectura de control para plataformas eléctricas omnidireccionales con cuatro ruedas tipo Mecanum, que pueda utilizarse en vehículos con diferentes requerimientos de potencia mecánica y condiciones de uso --Se inicia con la determinación de la arquitectura y la selección del tipo de componentes que permitirán utilizar controlar plataformas que tengan diferentes requerimientos de potencia mecánica, sin que sea necesario cambiar el hardware de control -- Se desarrolla un procedimiento para determinar el motor-transmisión-ruedas de acuerdo con los requerimientos de potencia mecánica y un procedimiento para calcular los parámetros que deberán cambiarse en la programación del controlador si se cambia alguno de los componentes del subsistema: motor-transmisión-ruedas -- Se desarrolla y construyen dos plataformas con especificaciones eléctricas y mecánicas muy diferentes: La primera es un modelo escala, construido para entender y verificar la cinemática de estos vehículos y probar la versatilidad del controlador -- La segunda es un prototipo de la plataforma de referencia -- Este prototipo permite de acuerdo con las especificaciones de potencia requerida, intercambiar los motores por otros de la misma serie con potencia diferente: 500 o 650 o 800 Vatios, sin que deba cambiarse el controlador del motor BLDC, ni el sistema de transmisión, siempre y cuando los requerimientos de diseño respecto a velocidad del vehículo no cambie -- En ambas plataformas, la arquitectura de control es la misma, sólo cambian unos parámetros de programación -- Es importante anotar que ninguna de las dos plataformas tiene sistema de suspensión ni frenos, pues el objetivo de las mismas es probar la funcionalidad y adaptabilidad de la arquitectura de control con diferentes requerimientos de potencia mecánica -- La arquitectura de control se prueba con las dos plataformas -- Se analiza su adaptabilidad a las diferentes especificaciones mecánicas -- Se compara el comportamiento real respecto a lo esperado por el modelo cinemático -- Y se prueba el comportamiento para los modos de operación con y sin retroalimentación con el fin de validar cual modo de operación proporciona una mejor maniobrabilidad -- De acuerdo con los resultados de las pruebas, se concluye: La arquitectura de control sí puede adaptarse a plataformas con diferentes especificaciones de potencia mecánica -- En el modo de operación con retroalimentación, la arquitectura de contro utilizada proporciona una mejor maniobrabilidad de la plataforma -- A futuro se debe mejorar aspectos constructivos de las plataformas, que no estaban dentro del alcance del proyecto, como son: un sistema de suspensión que garantice el contacto con el piso de las cuatro ruedas y un mecanismo de freno -- A futuro se debe estudiar y buscar otras opciones de materiales en los rodillos de las ruedas Mecanum que permitan disminuir el deslizamientoÍtem Electric Vehicle monitoring system : analysis of driving patterns and their influence on battery degradation(Universidad EAFIT, 2022) Echavarría Correa, Santiago; Mejía Gutiérrez, Ricardo; Montoya, Jose AlejandroÍtem Esquemas de movilidad compartida con vehículos eléctricos : actitudes en el Valle de Aburrá(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Gómez Correa, Maria Paula; Ceballos Ochoa, Lina María; Bejarano Botero, Luis MauricioÍtem Estudio de prefactibilidad de una flota de taxis eléctricos como una nueva unidad de negocio para la empresa IGO S.A.(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) García Osorno, Alejandro; Uribe de Correa, Beatriz Amparo; Salazar Gómez, Francisco JavierThis is the prefeasibility assessment of a business unit for the company IGO S.A. of a fleet of electric taxis operating in the city of Medellín where the operational and financial viability of this project is evaluated through environmental and sector studies, market study, technical study, administrative study, legal study and finally a financial evaluation. The studies were supported by a descriptive and deductive methodology where, through research on the current market situation and technology evolution, it is possible to deduce different aspects about the environment and its implication in the proposed business unit. All this in order to find a new field of action for the company IGO S.A. where it can continue to develop economically in order to transcend the auto spare parts business where the market has begun to shrink due to the appearance of electric vehicles lacking wear parts. In conclusion, the proposed model is a business unit where the resources of the existing company are used, with the technical size of ten electric vehicles acquired over 5 years and the market defined in the city of Medellín in this study of prefeasibility is not financially viable due to the evaluated time horizon and the small size of the project, avoiding achieving economies of scale.Ítem Factibilidad de crear una empresa de transporte especial que ofrezca el servicio con carros híbridos y eléctricos en Bogotá(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Torrado Pérez, María Angélica; Romero Fonseca, Natalia Andrea; Salazar Gómez, Francisco Javier; Uribe de Correa, Beatriz AmparoÍtem Impacto de los Nudges argumentativos enfocados a cambiar la disposición de compra de vehículos eléctricos en los conductores del Valle de Aburrá(Universidad EAFIT, 2022) Mejía Gómez, Daniel; Sánchez Vélez, Kelin Daniela; Silva Jaramillo, SantiagoThe Valle de Aburrá region is one of the most polluted areas in Colombia, so it is urgent to accelerate the decarbonization of individual transport, promoting the transition to electric vehicles. Despite having a regulatory framework since 2019 that encourages the change to this technology, adoption has been slow, especially considering the high cost of these vehicles for the average Colombian population. People with greater purchasing power, despite having the economic capacity to make the change, are not making it at the expected speed because there are a variety of erroneous arguments produced by ignorance of this technology, which means that they do not consider it when looking for their next vehicle. The proposed intervention follows the EAST methodological framework, and aims to evaluate, through an experimental design, whether by refuting existing thinking using argumentative nudges around savings, the environment and autonomy, it is possible to modify the willingness to purchase electric vehicles among drivers of medium-high and high socioeconomic status in the Valle de Aburrá and thus facilitate the adoption of this new technology.Ítem Integrated design and development of complex systems under a PLM approach: a sustainable transportation system case study(2012) Osorio Gómez, Gilberto; Mejía Gutiérrez, Ricardo; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Diseño; Gilberto Osorio (gosoriog@eafit.edu.co); Ricardo Mejia (rmejiag@eafit.edu.co); Ingeniería de Diseño (GRID)The materialization of design projects has demonstrated to be a key factor for the evaluation of new ideas -- In this field, the Department of Product Design Engineering from EAFIT University has been pioneer in Colombia -- In order to take this process to a new level, an integrated approach has been proposed oriented to the design and development of sustainable transport value added products, particularly in the field of electric mobility, where transport systems complexity is combined with the need of developing sustainable products, together with the use of technologies in the area of Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) -- It is presented the adopted methodology for development of this kind of projects at academic level, detailing main activities and tools, and describing a successful case study for the design of a functional prototype of an electric bicycle, in order to demonstrate the findings and experiences obtained in this kind of implementations that, in the future, will be translated into trained engineers on advanced product development, as well as to raise industrial awareness in the subjectÍtem Integration of a Chassis Servo-Dynamometer and Simulation to Increase Energy Consumption Accuracy in Vehicles Emulating Road Routes(Universidad EAFIT, 2022) Escobar Saltarén, Daniel; Arango López, Iván Darío; Arango López, Iván DaríoElectric vehicles, particularly those in mass transit systems, make use of accurate power estimations for different routes to calculate powertrain and battery requirements and plan the location and times of charging stations. Hence, chassis dynamometers are a common tool for vehicle designers as they allow for the emulation of vehicle performance and energy consumption by simulating realistic road conditions. In this paper, a method is presented where inertia events and negative slopes can be represented in the dynamometer through a single motor; allowing researchers to perform fast and cheap tests, while also considering the effect of these variables. A dynamic simulation is used to distribute the energy used in three ways: first, accelerating the vehicle by overcoming the forces opposing motion; second, emulating the kinetic energy delivered by the vehicle mass when decelerating; and third, emulating the energy delivered to the vehicle by negative slopes. Tests were carried out on a dynamometer validating the method through an example route, estimating energy consumption and regeneration; this method reduces the error in energy consumption by inertial effects and negative slopes, otherwise not considered in one motor dynamometers, showing a 9.11% difference between total test energy and real bus energy for this route.Ítem Intelligent charging-discharging method to improve the performance of second-life battery packs(Universidad EAFIT, 2021) Gómez Oviedo, Erick Santiago; Mejía Gutiérrez, RicardoBattery Energy Storage System (BESS) of Electric Vehicles (EVs) are composed of thousands of cells connected in a fixed series-parallel topology. Those large-scale battery systems are mainly composed of Lithium-Ion (Li-Ion) cells whose main material is lithium and its cost is considerable. In January of 2021, the price of lithium increased more than 40% due to the high demand for this product. Therefore, Li-Ion batteries elevated cost is considered one of the main barriers to the mass adoption of electric vehicles in the market. To tackle this issue, the second-life use of EVs batteries is one of the solutions explored by the industry and academia to reduce EVs upfront costs. That is, reusing the batteries that do not meet anymore the requirements of EVs applications, but which could still be used on stationary applications. In the particular case of second-life batteries, due to aging and manufacturing differences, every cell of the system presents a different behavior over its usage causing an issue denominated “battery imbalance issue” which could end in a thermal runaway and other thermodynamic issues. Moreover, this imbalance, during the charging process, prevents that all the available capacity to store energy, may be reached. Likewise, in the process of discharge, the stored energy is not fully exploited. Hence, several studies have been carried to tackle this issue. However, in most cases, the energy must be transferred to additional passive components, resulting in poor efficiency. In contrast, the reconfigurability of battery packs has been explored to improve the system performance in terms of operating time and fault detection. So that, the purpose of this research is to take advantage of the reconfigurable battery systems flexibility to use the unused storage capacity caused by imbalance, through a Intelligent Charging-Discharging Method (ICDM), and therefore improve the second-life batteries operating time. With this purpose in mind, a dynamic reconfigurable battery topology is explored to implement an ICDM for operating second-life battery packs. To achieve this objective, a simulation process is carried out to have insights of the behavior of the proposed method. Likewise, an experimental validation was developed to obtain evidence of the effect of the ICDM on the total energy drained from a battery pack. As a result of the experiment, an average of 43,23% more energy may be drained using the proposed ICDMÍtem Multi-objective optimization of driving strategies for the control of a low-displacement hybrid electric street motorcycle with parallel architecture(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Vargas Jaramillo, Jhon Fernando; Osorio Gómez, Gilberto; Manrique Espíndola, Dolly TatianaÍtem Procedure to determine module distribution within a solar array to increase the net energy collection in a solar competition vehicle(2014-06-05) Barrera Velásquez, Jorge; Osorio Gómez, Gilberto; Mejía Gutiérrez, Ricardo; Suárez Castañeda, Nicolás; Gil Herrera, Ana; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Diseño; Jorge Barrera Velasquez ( jbarre13@eafit.edu.co); Gilberto Osorio (gosoriog@eafit.edu.co); Ricardo Mejia (rmejiag@eafit.edu.co); Nicolas Suarez Castañeda (nsuarezc@eafit.edu.co); Ana Gil Herrera (agilher1@eafit.edu.co); Ingeniería de Diseño - GRIDIn solar vehicle competition, the available space for installation of the solar panel in the car is limited -- In order to optimize space, it is difficult not to install solar modules in areas impacted by shadows, even if they cause reduction of efficiency in the overall photoelectric generation -- Shadow patterns arise from the relative position of the sun to the earth, and the relative position of the vehicle towards both of them -- Since vehicle, earth and sun are moving in semi-predictable patterns, computer simulations can cross and match data from such sources to forecast generation behavior -- The outputs of such simulations are shadow patterns on the surface of the vehicle, indicating locations that are suitable or unsuitable to install solar cells -- This paper will show the design procedure of the solar panel for a Challenger Class solar vehicle that participated in the World Solar Challenge 2013, intended to increase the net energy collection -- The results obtained, illustrate how the employment of a computational tool can help in the acquisition of both qualitative and quantitative information, related to shadows position and their impact on energy collection. With data inputs such as vehicle geometry and its relative position towards the route, the tool was used to evaluate different possible configurations of solar panel module distribution and select the ones that are more convenient to the given scenario. Therefore, this analysis allows improving the solar panel design by considering important variables that were often overlookedÍtem Proceso de ASC - DESARROLLO DE UN ASESOR DE COMPRA PARA VEHICULOS ELECTRICOS BASADO EN INTELIGENCIA ARTIFICIAL - FASE 1(Universidad EAFIT, 2019) Sierra, Luis; Rivera, David; Montoya, Manuel; Vallejo, Juliana; Cardona, Santiago; Universidad EAFITBased on data processing science, project experience previous studies of the current seedbed and data from previous investigations; HE aims to create and train an "Artificial Intelligence" that, based on characterization of a specific user; you can select the different models of electric transport that are most compatible from the points of view: economic, aesthetic, technical and functional; and with A.I., thus suggesting a segment specific product and vehicle references in which a potential user you might be interested.Ítem Retos y oportunidades de la transición a una flota vehicular de cero emisiones en Colombia : análisis marco institucional(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) González Pérez, Juan Pablo; Escobar Saldarriaga, Miguel; Cadena Gaitán, Carlos MiguelThe research presented in this thesis aims to identify the main challenges and opportunities that Colombia faces in the transition to a zero-emission vehicle fleet. This is intended to be achieved through a mixed methodology, where its qualitative component seeks to compare the socio-economic conditions between Colombia and Norway, as well as the different public policies implemented by both countries. In its quantitative part, several time series regressions were modeled to identify which public policies implemented by Norway have been the most effective. In doing so, it was found that the two main challenges facing Colombia are: 1) limitations due to its low liquidity and borrowing capacity, which directly affect its ability to implement public policies, and 2) the need to create greater environmental awareness. While one of the most viable opportunities lies in the exemption of toll payments for electric vehicles.Ítem Sizing and charging policies for photovoltaic battery swapping stations with energy storage : approaches and case study(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Uribe Valencia, Alejandro; Montoya Echeverri, José Alejandro; Montoya Echeverri, José Alejandro