Examinando por Materia "VAR models"

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    Ítem
    Análisis de factores económicos en la cobertura del régimen contributivo del sistema de pensiones en Colombia
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Zapata Ochoa, Pablo; Ochoa Espinal, Esteban; Quirós Arango, Luis Fernando
    The study aims to investigate how unemployment, inflation, employment rate, and minimum wage in Colombia can affect people's decision to contribute to the pension system, relating the proposal to increase coverage to the "Cambio por la Vejez" reform proposal. Through VAR models and an analysis of economic variables, it was found that unemployment and employment rate significantly impact short and medium-term contributions to the system, while the minimum wage does not show a significant relationship. These findings give importance to effective unemployment control to increase pension system coverage.
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    Ítem
    Predicción del precio de la energía eléctrica en Colombia mediante un enfoque de machine learning
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Villarreal Marimon, Yeison José; Flores San Martín, Luis Armando; Almonacid Hurtado, Paula María
    In this research, numerous predictive models are developed, including regression models, VAR models, ARIMA models, ARIMAX models and SARIMAX models, which were further used to estimate and predict the electricity spot price, and therefore obtaining an approximate value for the sale of a kilowatt-hour, a critical input for calculating the revenues in the valuation models of electric power generations projects in Colombia. This was accomplished using the historical records from XM’s databases, analyzing the relationship between the historical spot price for electricity in the frame of time from January 2000 to July 2023, other input variables were also considered such as hydrological contributions, hydrological discharges and hydrological reserves expressed in terms of energy, as well as the potential effects of climatological phenomena like the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO) that occurs in the country. The results of the research indicate that the prices of the kilowatt-hour are affected by the rainy season and specially by the occurrence of the El Niño phenomena, during which prices increase triggering the scarcity price of the system, which can be observed in the years 2015 and 2016. Finally, as a result, all models follow the price behavior trends. The models were subjected to different time horizon tests, finding that the model to be used depends on the time horizon that the investor needs to analyze: VAR models for the short-term, SARIMAX models for the medium-term and multiple regression models for the long-term.