Examinando por Materia "ODS 13: acción por el clima"

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    Evaluación de alternativas fotovoltaicas para la descarbonización de la generación termoeléctrica en Colombia
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2025-12-17) Cárdenas Mejía, Cindy Lorena; Gutiérrez Mancilla, Dady Giselle; López Ayala, Tania Cecilia; Ortega Arango, Santiago; NA
    The energy sector is one of the main emitters of greenhouse gases, making its transformation crucial in addressing climate change. In Colombia, although the electricity matrix is primarily based on hydropower, coal-fired plants remain essential to support the system during droughts, especially under El Niño events. This reliance on coal poses a challenge to meeting the country’s climate commitments. This research assesses the feasibility of converting coal-fired power plants into solar photovoltaic generation. The analysis incorporates solar potential in strategic regions, the current conditions of the national electricity system, and international comparative experiences. The results show that, although there is a favorable perception of the energy transition and the use of photovoltaic sources, intermittency emerges as a weakness that affects acceptance and operational reliability. It is concluded that successful transitions require strategic planning, community participation, and labor reconversion to ensure a just transition. Likewise, socioeconomic, cultural, and environmental conditions are decisive for the success of projects. The financial model developed shows that turning coal plants into to large-scale photovoltaic systems (>50 MW) is not currently viable under market conditions, although it improves significantly under scenarios of increased carbon tax and emission reduction certificates. These findings highlight the need for strong public policies and complementary technological solutions to enable the decarbonization of Colombia’s electricity sector.