Examinando por Materia "Biological"
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Ítem Biomechanical configurations of mandibular transport distraction osteogenesis devices.(MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC, 2010-06-01) Zapata U; Elsalanty ME; Dechow PC; Opperman LA; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica; Bioingeniería GIB (CES – EAFIT)Mandibular bone transport (MBT) distraction osteogenesis devices are used for achieving reconstruction of mandibular defects in a predictable way, with few complications, less complexity than other alternative surgical procedures, and minimal tissue morbidity. However, selection of appropriate MBT device characteristics is critical for ensuring both their mechanical soundness and their optimal distraction function for each patient's condition. This article assesses six characteristics of currently available MBT devices to characterize their design and function and to classify them in a way that assists the selection of the best device option for each clinical case. In addition, the present work provides a framework for both the biomechanical conception of new devices and the modification of existing ones.Ítem An Entropy-Based Graph Construction Method for Representing and Clustering Biological Data(SPRINGER, 2019-10-01) Ariza-Jiménez L.; Pinel N.; Villa L.F.; Quintero O.L.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias; Biodiversidad, Evolución y ConservaciónUnsupervised learning methods are commonly used to perform the non-trivial task of uncovering structure in biological data. However, conventional approaches rely on methods that make assumptions about data distribution and reduce the dimensionality of the input data. Here we propose the incorporation of entropy related measures into the process of constructing graph-based representations for biological datasets in order to uncover their inner structure. Experimental results demonstrated the potential of the proposed entropy-based graph data representation to cope with biological applications related to unsupervised learning problems, such as metagenomic binning and neuronal spike sorting, in which it is necessary to organize data into unknown and meaningful groups. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Ítem Indentation damage and crack repair in human enamel.(ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2013-05-01) Rivera C; Arola D; Ossa A; Rivera C; Arola D; Ossa A; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Producción; Materiales de IngenieríaTooth enamel is the hardest and most highly mineralized tissue in the human body. While there have been a number of studies aimed at understanding the hardness and crack growth resistance behavior of this tissue, no study has evaluated if cracks in this tissue undergo repair. In this investigation the crack repair characteristics of young human enamel were evaluated as a function of patient gender and as a function of the distance from the Dentin Enamel Junction (DEJ). Cracks were introduced via microindentation along the prism direction and evaluated as a function of time after the indentation. Microscopic observations indicated that the repair of cracks began immediately after crack initiation and reaches saturation after approximately 48 h. During this process he crack length decreased up to 10% of the initial length, and the largest degree of reduction occurred in the deep enamel, nearest the DEJ. In addition, it was found that the degree of repair was significantly greater in the enamel of female patients.Ítem A possible restriction of ferro- and ferricyanide oxidoreductase activities of rat liver mitochondria by the outer membrane.(ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC, 2005-11-15) Ramirez, LAG; Lemeshko, VV; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias; Ciencias Biológicas y Bioprocesos (CIBIOP)In this work, various ferro-ferricyanide oxidoreductase activities of rat liver mitochondria were studied to find conditions under which the outer membrane might restrict the flux of these highly charged non-biological anions. When the isotonic low ionic strength medium was supplemented with 25mM KCl, a several-fold increase in the succinate-ferricyanide reductase activity of mitochondria and in the rate of external NADH oxidation in the presence of ferrocyanide was observed. Mitochondrial respiration with 5mM ferrocyanide was almost completely inhibited after consumption of 3.8-18.5% of the dissolved oxygen, depending on the medium and the presence of 2,4-dinitrophenol. These and other experimental data together with mathematical modeling of the redox-state equilibrium suggest that the measured activities might be restricted by two factors: first, the permeability of the outer mitochondrial membrane and second, a strong influence of the ionic strength of incubation media on the intermembrane space redox reactions.Ítem Scale-up from shake flasks to pilot-scale production of the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense for preparing a liquid inoculant formulation(SPRINGER, 2013-11-01) Trujillo-Roldan, Mauricio A.; Valdez-Cruz, Norma A.; Gonzalez-Monterrubio, Cesar F.; Acevedo-Sanchez, Eduardo V.; Martinez-Salinas, Carlos; Garcia-Cabrera, Ramses I.; Gamboa-Suasnavart, Ramses A.; Marin-Palacio, Luz D.; Villegas, Jesus; Blancas-Cabrera, Abel; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias; Ciencias Biológicas y Bioprocesos (CIBIOP)Azospirillum brasilense has industrial significance as a growth promoter in plants of commercial interest. However, there is no report in the literature disclosing a liquid product produced in pilot-scale bioreactors and is able to be stored at room temperature for more than 2 years. The aim of this work was to scale up a process from a shake flask to a 10-L lab-scale and 1,000-L pilot-scale bioreactor for the production of plant growth-promoting bacterium A. brasilense for a liquid inoculant formulation. Furthermore, this work aimed to determine the shelf life of the liquid formulation stored at room temperature and to increase maize crops yield in greenhouses. Under a constant oxygen mass transfer coefficient (K L a), a fermentation process was successfully scaled up from shake flasks to 10- and 1,000-L bioreactors. A concentration ranging from 3.5 to 7.5 × 108 CFU/mL was obtained in shake flasks and bioreactors, and after 2 years stored at room temperature, the liquid formulation showed one order of magnitude decrease. Applications of the cultured bacteria in maize yields resulted in increases of up to 95 % in corncobs and 70 % in aboveground biomass. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.Ítem Scale-up from shake flasks to pilot-scale production of the plant growth-promoting bacterium Azospirillum brasilense for preparing a liquid inoculant formulation(SPRINGER, 2013-11-01) Trujillo-Roldan, Mauricio A.; Valdez-Cruz, Norma A.; Gonzalez-Monterrubio, Cesar F.; Acevedo-Sanchez, Eduardo V.; Martinez-Salinas, Carlos; Garcia-Cabrera, Ramses I.; Gamboa-Suasnavart, Ramses A.; Marin-Palacio, Luz D.; Villegas, Jesus; Blancas-Cabrera, Abel; Trujillo-Roldan, Mauricio A.; Valdez-Cruz, Norma A.; Gonzalez-Monterrubio, Cesar F.; Acevedo-Sanchez, Eduardo V.; Martinez-Salinas, Carlos; Garcia-Cabrera, Ramses I.; Gamboa-Suasnavart, Ramses A.; Marin-Palacio, Luz D.; Villegas, Jesus; Blancas-Cabrera, Abel; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)Azospirillum brasilense has industrial significance as a growth promoter in plants of commercial interest. However, there is no report in the literature disclosing a liquid product produced in pilot-scale bioreactors and is able to be stored at room temperature for more than 2 years. The aim of this work was to scale up a process from a shake flask to a 10-L lab-scale and 1,000-L pilot-scale bioreactor for the production of plant growth-promoting bacterium A. brasilense for a liquid inoculant formulation. Furthermore, this work aimed to determine the shelf life of the liquid formulation stored at room temperature and to increase maize crops yield in greenhouses. Under a constant oxygen mass transfer coefficient (K L a), a fermentation process was successfully scaled up from shake flasks to 10- and 1,000-L bioreactors. A concentration ranging from 3.5 to 7.5 × 108 CFU/mL was obtained in shake flasks and bioreactors, and after 2 years stored at room temperature, the liquid formulation showed one order of magnitude decrease. Applications of the cultured bacteria in maize yields resulted in increases of up to 95 % in corncobs and 70 % in aboveground biomass. © 2013 Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg.