Examinando por Autor "Velez-Calle, A."
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Ítem Internationalization and performance: the role of depth and breadth(EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LIMITED, 2018-01-01) Velez-Calle, A.; Sanchez-Henriquez, F.; Contractor, F.Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the relationship between multinationality and firm performance (M-P) in Latin American companies, commonly referred to as multilatinas. The study conceptualizes the depth (intensity) and breadth (geographical scope) of internationalization and examines their effect on financial performance. Although scholars have studied how internationalization in various contexts and industries affects performance, little is known about firms in Latin America. Design/methodology/approach: The authors conducted an analysis of the effect of the depth and breadth of multilatina internationalization on financial performance by creating a database using information from America Economia, a specialized Chilean magazine that publishes an annual ranking of multilatinas. Additional data came from the Osiris database of Bureau Van Dijk and Compustat. The hypotheses were tested using an autoregressive heteroskedastic model. Findings: The results show that the extent of the depth and breadth of internationalization affects financial performance. Multilatinas’ depth of internationalization has a curvilinear (U-shaped) impact on performance while breadth has an inverted curvilinear impact on performance. Research limitations/implications: The theory portion and results expand the literature on firm internationalization and performance by distinguishing between two types of international firm expansion, depth and breadth, and discussing how each contributes to different stages of the three-stage theory of multinationality and performance. Originality/value: The findings indicate that multilatinas benefit from their regional expansion, but outside Latin America, expansion has a negative effect on financial performance. They also show that firms can implement different types of internationalization strategies in terms of intensity and scope to achieve better performance. © 2018, Emerald Publishing Limited.Ítem On the Influence of Interpersonal Relations on Business Practices in Latin America: A Comparison with the Chinese Guanxi and the Arab Wasta(Wiley-Liss Inc., 2015-07-01) Velez-Calle, A.; Robledo-Ardila, C.; Rodriguez-Rios, J.D.The connection between interpersonal relationships and business practices is currently an object of study in the field of international business. The authors have identified a significant body of research literature characterizing this phenomenon in China, where it is denominated as guanxi, as well as a recent interest of the academy in studying the Arab wasta (i.e., clout or influence). The authors argue that a similar phenomenon occurs in Latin America and identify patterns similar to those of guanxi and wasta in a cultural artifact called compadrazgo. The article offers insight for managers and individuals interested in doing business in Latin America. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.Ítem Perceived managerial and leadership effectiveness in Colombia(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd., 2015-01-01) Torres, L.E.; Ruiz, C.E.; Hamlin, B.; Velez-Calle, A.Purpose – The purpose of this study was to identify what Colombians perceive as effective and least effective/ineffective managerial behavior. Design/methodology/approach – This study was conducted following a qualitative methodology based on the philosophical assumptions of pragmatism and the “pragmatic approach” (Morgan, 2007). The critical incident technique was used to generate data from a purposive sample of 27 managers and non-managerial employees located in Medellin and Bogota, Colombia. Findings – The results of this study suggest that effective managers in Colombia are those who are supportive, caring, considerate, participative, understanding, communicative and flexible, and are also good problem solvers. Research limitations/implications – This study focused on the perceptions of Colombian managers and non-managerial employees only. Therefore, the description of effective and least effective/ineffective managers in Colombia could be highly value-laden from the national cultural perspective. Hence, it is recommended that further research should be carried out to explore the perceptions of international managers who have frequently interacted or worked with Colombian managers. Originality/value – The results of this study have practical implications for Colombian managers and international managers who manage the Colombian workforce. For Colombian managers, this study provides insight into what is considered effective or least effective/ineffective managerial and leadership behavior. The findings provide useful information on foreign multinational corporations (MNCs) that have operations in Colombia. MNCs can use the results of this study to create effective management development models for their expatriates in Colombia. © Emerald Group Publishing Limited.Ítem Virtual Teams and International Business Teaching and Learning: The Case of the Global Enterprise Experience (GEE)(Routledge, 2014-07-01) Gonzalez-Perez, M.A.; Velez-Calle, A.; Cathro, V.; Caprar, D.V.; Taras, V.The increasing importance of global virtual teams in business is reflected in the classroom by the increased adoption of activities that facilitate real-time cross-cultural interaction. This article documents the experience of students from two Colombian universities who participated in a collaborative international project using virtual teams as part of the international business (IB) curriculum. The data reveals that in spite of challenges associated with time zone differences, technology limitations, and trust issues, the vast majority of students perceived that the use of virtual teams as a teaching tool facilitates cultural understanding and IB-relevant learning. The findings of this research suggest that online experiential exercises can be an effective approach in teaching and in the development of virtual collaboration skills. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Ítem Virtual Teams and International Business Teaching and Learning: The Case of the Global Enterprise Experience (GEE)(Routledge, 2014-07-01) Gonzalez-Perez, Maria Alejandra; Velez-Calle, A.; Cathro, V.; Caprar, D.V.; Taras, V.The increasing importance of global virtual teams in business is reflected in the classroom by the increased adoption of activities that facilitate real-time cross-cultural interaction. This article documents the experience of students from two Colombian universities who participated in a collaborative international project using virtual teams as part of the international business (IB) curriculum. The data reveals that in spite of challenges associated with time zone differences, technology limitations, and trust issues, the vast majority of students perceived that the use of virtual teams as a teaching tool facilitates cultural understanding and IB-relevant learning. The findings of this research suggest that online experiential exercises can be an effective approach in teaching and in the development of virtual collaboration skills. Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.Ítem When technological savviness overcomes cultural differences: millennials in global virtual teams(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd., 2020-01-01) Velez-Calle, A.; Mariam, M.; Gonzalez-Perez, Maria Alejandra; Jimenez, A.; Eisenberg, J.; Santamaria-Alvarez, S.M.Purpose: There is a generalized belief that cultural differences can have more negative consequences than benefits within the international business (IB) literature. This study argues that cultural differences are not perceived as constrains in millennial global virtual teams (GVTs). Additionally, using the theory of cooperation and competition and the motivated information processing perspective, the purpose of this paper is to uncover the process by which millennials working in GVTs address various challenges to ensure effective functioning and accomplishment of desired team outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: This paper analyzes a data set of 503 project journals from the global enterprise experience, a virtual team competition. It uses qualitative content analysis tools and secondary data sources. Findings: The authors find that for millennials, cross-cultural issues are not the predominant challenge when working in GVTs, unlike the prevailing understanding in the IB literature. This is because contrary to expectations, cross-cultural problems are often not experienced, while other team phenomena become more relevant, such as interpersonal and task-based issues. In addition, the paper describes how members of GVTs apply distinct challenge reconstruction and solution generation cognitive schemes to deal with both, expected and unexpected challenges. Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature on virtual teams by identifying how millennials and post-millennials deal with the challenges embedded in the GVT interaction context by simplifying the unfamiliarity associated with the broader context rather than addressing each issue in isolation. Finally, the paper elaborates on factors that highlight the positive outcomes of multicultural teams while making cultural differences less salient in contemporary GVT contexts. © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.Ítem When technological savviness overcomes cultural differences: millennials in global virtual teams(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd., 2020-01-01) Velez-Calle, A.; Mariam, M.; Gonzalez-Perez, M.A.; Jimenez, A.; Eisenberg, J.; Santamaria-Alvarez, S.M.Purpose: There is a generalized belief that cultural differences can have more negative consequences than benefits within the international business (IB) literature. This study argues that cultural differences are not perceived as constrains in millennial global virtual teams (GVTs). Additionally, using the theory of cooperation and competition and the motivated information processing perspective, the purpose of this paper is to uncover the process by which millennials working in GVTs address various challenges to ensure effective functioning and accomplishment of desired team outcomes. Design/methodology/approach: This paper analyzes a data set of 503 project journals from the global enterprise experience, a virtual team competition. It uses qualitative content analysis tools and secondary data sources. Findings: The authors find that for millennials, cross-cultural issues are not the predominant challenge when working in GVTs, unlike the prevailing understanding in the IB literature. This is because contrary to expectations, cross-cultural problems are often not experienced, while other team phenomena become more relevant, such as interpersonal and task-based issues. In addition, the paper describes how members of GVTs apply distinct challenge reconstruction and solution generation cognitive schemes to deal with both, expected and unexpected challenges. Originality/value: This study contributes to the literature on virtual teams by identifying how millennials and post-millennials deal with the challenges embedded in the GVT interaction context by simplifying the unfamiliarity associated with the broader context rather than addressing each issue in isolation. Finally, the paper elaborates on factors that highlight the positive outcomes of multicultural teams while making cultural differences less salient in contemporary GVT contexts. © 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited.