2021-04-122019-04-012352220823522216WOS;000462694100005http://hdl.handle.net/10784/28348Various formal languages have been proposed in the literature for the individual-based modelling of ecological systems. These languages differ in their treatment of time and space. Each modelling language offers a distinct view and techniques for analyzing systems. Most of the languages are based on process calculi or P systems. In this article, we present a general overview of the existing modelling languages based on process calculi. We also discuss, briefly, other approaches such as P systems, cellular automata and Petri nets. Finally, we show advantages and disadvantages of these modelling languages and we propose some future research directions. (C) 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.enghttps://v2.sherpa.ac.uk/id/publication/issn/2352-2208p-systemsProcess calculiIndividual-based modellingFormal modelling languagesEcosystemsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/article2021-04-12Toro, Mauricio10.1016/j.jlamp.2019.01.006