Un brindis por “el gran Washington”. Miradas sobre los Estados Unidos en el Río de la Plata, 1810-1835
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2016-12-13
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Universidad EAFIT
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Durante el proceso independentista rioplatense, el ejemplo de los Estados Unidos, país también independizado de un imperio mediante una revolución, estuvo presente de modo permanente en la prensa y en los discursos de la dirigencia rioplatense, en particular la de Buenos Aires. Este artículo rastrea esas apreciaciones a lo largo del cuarto de siglo que siguió a la revolución de 1810, cuando fueron abrumadoramente positivas (a pesar de que a nivel diplomático la relación estuvo cargada de tensiones). Autonomistas e independentistas, republicanos, federales, proteccionistas, todos pudieron referenciarse en los Estados Unidos. Pero las miradas de admiración fueron más allá: el caso norteamericano pudo ser utilizado a su favor por grupos diferentes y para proyectos políticos muy distintos. Incluso los centralistas enemigos del federalismo encontraron en la experiencia estadounidense argumentos útiles. En 1831, un incidente en las islas Malvinas produjo un quiebre diplomático y prefiguró miradas menos favorables sobre los Estados Unidos.
During the process of independence of the Rio de la Plata, the example of the United Sates, a country that achieved its independence through a revolution, was permanently present in the press and in the discourses of the Rioplatense leadership, specially the one of Buenos Aires. This article traces these views along the 25 years that followed the revolution of 1810, when they were overwhelmingly positive (even if in the diplomatic level the relationship was full of tensions). Autonomists and independentists, republicans, federalists, protectionists, all of them could reference themselves in the United States. But the admiration went beyond: the North American case could be used in their favor by different groups and for varied political projects; even the centralists, who were against federalism, found useful samples in the US experience. An incident in the Malvinas islands in 1831 caused a diplomatic conflict and prefigured less favorable views of the United States.
During the process of independence of the Rio de la Plata, the example of the United Sates, a country that achieved its independence through a revolution, was permanently present in the press and in the discourses of the Rioplatense leadership, specially the one of Buenos Aires. This article traces these views along the 25 years that followed the revolution of 1810, when they were overwhelmingly positive (even if in the diplomatic level the relationship was full of tensions). Autonomists and independentists, republicans, federalists, protectionists, all of them could reference themselves in the United States. But the admiration went beyond: the North American case could be used in their favor by different groups and for varied political projects; even the centralists, who were against federalism, found useful samples in the US experience. An incident in the Malvinas islands in 1831 caused a diplomatic conflict and prefigured less favorable views of the United States.