Examinando por Materia "clinical evaluation"

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    In vitro mechanical evaluation of mandibular bone transport devices
    (ASME, 2014-06-01) Zapata, Uriel; Watanabe, Ikuya; Opperman, Lynne A.; Dechow, Paul C.; Mulone, Timothy; Elsalanty, Mohammed E.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería Mecánica; Bioingeniería GIB (CES – EAFIT)
    Bone transport distraction osteogenesis (BTDO) is a surgical procedure that has been used over the last 30 years for the correction of segmental defects produced mainly by trauma and oncological resections. Application of BTDO has several clinical advantages over traditional surgical techniques. Over the past few years, several BTDO devices have been introduced to reconstruct mandibular bone defects. Based on the location and outline of the defect, each device requires a uniquely shaped reconstruction plate. To date, no biomechanical evaluations of mandibular BTDO devices have been reported in the literature. The present study evaluated the mechanical behavior of three different shaped prototypes of a novel mandibular bone transport reconstruction plate and its transport unit for the reconstruction of segmental bone defects of the mandible by using numerical models complemented with mechanical laboratory tests to characterize strength, fatigue, and stability. The strength test evaluated device failures under extreme loads and was complemented with optimization procedures to improve the biomechanical behavior of the devices. The responses of the prototypes were characterized to improve their design and identify weak and strong regions in order to avoid posterior device failure in clinical applications. Combinations of the numerical and mechanical laboratory results were used to compare and validate the models. In addition, the results remark the importance of reducing the number of animals used in experimental tests by increasing computational and in vitro trials. © VC 2014 by ASME.
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    In vitro mechanical evaluation of mandibular bone transport devices
    (ASME, 2014-06-01) Zapata, Uriel; Watanabe, Ikuya; Opperman, Lynne A.; Dechow, Paul C.; Mulone, Timothy; Elsalanty, Mohammed E.; Zapata, Uriel; Watanabe, Ikuya; Opperman, Lynne A.; Dechow, Paul C.; Mulone, Timothy; Elsalanty, Mohammed E.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Producción; Materiales de Ingeniería
    Bone transport distraction osteogenesis (BTDO) is a surgical procedure that has been used over the last 30 years for the correction of segmental defects produced mainly by trauma and oncological resections. Application of BTDO has several clinical advantages over traditional surgical techniques. Over the past few years, several BTDO devices have been introduced to reconstruct mandibular bone defects. Based on the location and outline of the defect, each device requires a uniquely shaped reconstruction plate. To date, no biomechanical evaluations of mandibular BTDO devices have been reported in the literature. The present study evaluated the mechanical behavior of three different shaped prototypes of a novel mandibular bone transport reconstruction plate and its transport unit for the reconstruction of segmental bone defects of the mandible by using numerical models complemented with mechanical laboratory tests to characterize strength, fatigue, and stability. The strength test evaluated device failures under extreme loads and was complemented with optimization procedures to improve the biomechanical behavior of the devices. The responses of the prototypes were characterized to improve their design and identify weak and strong regions in order to avoid posterior device failure in clinical applications. Combinations of the numerical and mechanical laboratory results were used to compare and validate the models. In addition, the results remark the importance of reducing the number of animals used in experimental tests by increasing computational and in vitro trials. © VC 2014 by ASME.
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    Zylerberg, 1985 Contributions of the layer topology and mineral content to the elastic modulus and strength of fish scales
    (ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV, 2018-02-01) Murcia, S.; Miyamoto, Y.; Varma, M.P.; Ossa, A.; Arola, D.
    Fish scales are an interesting natural structural material and their functionality requires both flexibility and toughness. Our previous studies identified that there are spatial variations in the elastic properties of fish scales corresponding to the anatomical regions, and that they appear to be attributed to changes in the microstructure. In the present study, a model is proposed that describes the elastic behavior of elasmoid fish scales in terms of the relative contributions of the limiting layer and both the internal and external elasmodine. The mechanical properties of scales from the Megalops atlanticus (i.e. tarpon) were characterized in tension and compared with predictions from the model. The average error between the predicted and the experimental properties was 7%. It was found that the gradient in mineral content and aspect ratio of the apatite crystals in the limiting layer played the most important roles on the elastic modulus of the scales. Furthermore, misalignment of plies in the external elasmodine from the longitudinal direction was shown to reduce the elastic modulus significantly. This is one approach for modulating the fish scale flexibility for a high mineral content that is required to increase the resistance to puncture. © 2017