Examinando por Materia "cacao"

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    Ceratocystis cacaofunesta genome analysis reveals a large expansion of extracellular phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase-C genes (PI-PLC)
    (BioMed Central Ltd., 2018-01-17) Molano, E.P.L.; Cabrera, O.G.; Jose, J.; do Nascimento, L.C.; Carazzolle, M.F.; Teixeira, P.J.P.L.; Alvarez, J.C.; Tiburcio, R.A.; Tokimatu Filho, P.M.; de Lima, G.M.A.; Guido, R.V.C.; Corrêa, T.L.R.; Leme, A.F.P.; Mieczkowski, P.; Pereira, G.A.G.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias; Biodiversidad, Evolución y Conservación
    Background: The Ceratocystis genus harbors a large number of phytopathogenic fungi that cause xylem parenchyma degradation and vascular destruction on a broad range of economically important plants. Ceratocystis cacaofunesta is a necrotrophic fungus responsible for lethal wilt disease in cacao. The aim of this work is to analyze the genome of C. cacaofunesta through a comparative approach with genomes of other Sordariomycetes in order to better understand the molecular basis of pathogenicity in the Ceratocystis genus. Results: We present an analysis of the C. cacaofunesta genome focusing on secreted proteins that might constitute pathogenicity factors. Comparative genome analyses among five Ceratocystidaceae species and 23 other Sordariomycetes fungi showed a strong reduction in gene content of the Ceratocystis genus. However, some gene families displayed a remarkable expansion, in particular, the Phosphatidylinositol specific phospholipases-C (PI-PLC) family. Also, evolutionary rate calculations suggest that the evolution process of this family was guided by positive selection. Interestingly, among the 82 PI-PLCs genes identified in the C. cacaofunesta genome, 70 genes encoding extracellular PI-PLCs are grouped in eight small scaffolds surrounded by transposon fragments and scars that could be involved in the rapid evolution of the PI-PLC family. Experimental secretome using LC-MS/MS validated 24% (86 proteins) of the total predicted secretome (342 proteins), including four PI-PLCs and other important pathogenicity factors. Conclusion: Analysis of the Ceratocystis cacaofunesta genome provides evidence that PI-PLCs may play a role in pathogenicity. Subsequent functional studies will be aimed at evaluating this hypothesis. The observed genetic arsenals, together with the analysis of the PI-PLC family shown in this work, reveal significant differences in the Ceratocystis genome compared to the classical vascular fungi, Verticillium and Fusarium. Altogether, our analyses provide new insights into the evolution and the molecular basis of plant pathogenicity. © 2018 The Author(s).
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    Ítem
    Ceratocystis cacaofunesta genome analysis reveals a large expansion of extracellular phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase-C genes (PI-PLC)
    (BioMed Central Ltd., 2018-01-17) Molano, E.P.L.; Cabrera, O.G.; Jose, J.; do Nascimento, L.C.; Carazzolle, M.F.; Teixeira, P.J.P.L.; Alvarez, J.C.; Tiburcio, R.A.; Tokimatu Filho, P.M.; de Lima, G.M.A.; Guido, R.V.C.; Corrêa, T.L.R.; Leme, A.F.P.; Mieczkowski, P.; Pereira, G.A.G.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ciencias; Ciencias Biológicas y Bioprocesos (CIBIOP)
    Background: The Ceratocystis genus harbors a large number of phytopathogenic fungi that cause xylem parenchyma degradation and vascular destruction on a broad range of economically important plants. Ceratocystis cacaofunesta is a necrotrophic fungus responsible for lethal wilt disease in cacao. The aim of this work is to analyze the genome of C. cacaofunesta through a comparative approach with genomes of other Sordariomycetes in order to better understand the molecular basis of pathogenicity in the Ceratocystis genus. Results: We present an analysis of the C. cacaofunesta genome focusing on secreted proteins that might constitute pathogenicity factors. Comparative genome analyses among five Ceratocystidaceae species and 23 other Sordariomycetes fungi showed a strong reduction in gene content of the Ceratocystis genus. However, some gene families displayed a remarkable expansion, in particular, the Phosphatidylinositol specific phospholipases-C (PI-PLC) family. Also, evolutionary rate calculations suggest that the evolution process of this family was guided by positive selection. Interestingly, among the 82 PI-PLCs genes identified in the C. cacaofunesta genome, 70 genes encoding extracellular PI-PLCs are grouped in eight small scaffolds surrounded by transposon fragments and scars that could be involved in the rapid evolution of the PI-PLC family. Experimental secretome using LC-MS/MS validated 24% (86 proteins) of the total predicted secretome (342 proteins), including four PI-PLCs and other important pathogenicity factors. Conclusion: Analysis of the Ceratocystis cacaofunesta genome provides evidence that PI-PLCs may play a role in pathogenicity. Subsequent functional studies will be aimed at evaluating this hypothesis. The observed genetic arsenals, together with the analysis of the PI-PLC family shown in this work, reveal significant differences in the Ceratocystis genome compared to the classical vascular fungi, Verticillium and Fusarium. Altogether, our analyses provide new insights into the evolution and the molecular basis of plant pathogenicity. © 2018 The Author(s).
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    El dulce sabor del cultivo de la paz
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2023-03-27) Luján Sáenz, Juan Carlos; Universidad EAFIT
    La Universidad EAFIT hace parte de las instituciones que lideran el proyecto Efecto Cacao, mediante el cual se pretende mejorar la calidad de vida de cerca de 1.700 familias de cacaultores en cuatro regiones de Colombia. Se espera una inversión de 35 millones de dólares, en dinero y especie, en tres componentes: productividad, asociatividad y emprendimiento, y social. Además, ha servido para la sustitución de cultivos de uso ilícito.
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    Evaluación experimental del bioinsumo Sáferbacter WP para el manejo de moniliasis y pudrición parda en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.)
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2026-06-02) Toro Monsalve; Heidy Andrea; Universidad EAFIT
    Este estudio evaluó el efecto del bioinsumo Sáferbacter WP sobre la incidencia de las enfermedades moniliasis (Moniliophthora roreri) y pudrición parda (Phytophthora spp.) en cacao (Theobroma cacao L.). El ensayo se desarrolló entre marzo y octubre de 2025 en dos granjas experimentales de la Compañía Nacional de Chocolates ubicadas en Támesis (Antioquia) y San Vicente de Chucurí (Santander), bajo condiciones agroclimáticas contrastantes. Se utilizó un diseño de bloques completos al azar con tres tratamientos: Sáferbacter WP a 1,5 g·L⁻¹, Sáferbacter WP a 0,75 g·L⁻¹ y un control sin aplicación. Las variables principales evaluadas fueron el número de mazorcas afectadas por Moniliophthora roreri y Phytophthora spp. Los análisis estadísticos realizados en la granja La Nacional no evidenciaron diferencias significativas entre tratamientos, aunque sí se observaron diferencias entre bloques, sugiriendo una influencia importante de las condiciones microambientales sobre la incidencia de las enfermedades. En la granja Yariguíes, la disponibilidad limitada de frutos debido a una poda previa restringió la evaluación del efecto de los tratamientos. Los resultados indican que, bajo las condiciones estudiadas, no se detectó un efecto significativo del bioinsumo, aunque se recomienda continuar su evaluación durante períodos más prolongados.