Examinando por Materia "TERREMOTOS"

Mostrando 1 - 8 de 8
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    Coastal erosion and village relocation: a Colombian case study
    (Elsevier, 2000-01-01) Correa-Arango, Ivan D.; Gonzales, Juan Luis; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Geología; Ivan D. Correa-Arango (icorrea@eafit.edu.co); Ciencias del Mar
    Because of its tectonic setting, the Paci"c coast of Colombia is subject to a variety of geological hazards, including earthquakes, tsunamis and associated phenomena such as regional and local coastal subsidence, #ooding and soil liquefaction. Erosional trends are prevalent along much of the 700 km long, low barrier island's shorelines of the Paci"c littoral and land losses are enhanced by factors such as 30 cm regional sea level rises associated to the occurrence of El Nin8o. Marine erosion is threatening more seashore littoral villages and worsening the already di$cult socioeconomic conditions of most part of the inhabitants. Because of diverse and strong motivations to stay near the sea, the responses of barriers island's inhabitants to marine erosion has consisted in most cases of repetitive in-shore and along-shore directed relocations of villages, rather than de"nitive abandonment of the islands. In the long run, this procedure only has postponed the problem and led to repetitive relocations and economical losses. The recent inland relocation of El Choncho village, on the San Juan River delta, illustrates a di!erent response to marine erosion. Although a new along-shore relocation was physically possible, inhabitants decided to abandon the barrier island and migrate to an interior, ancient beach ridge complex, applying a prudent solution which will be the most appropriate for other threatened villages of the Paci"c littoral. A detailed geomorphologic mapping program must be conducted in order to identify appropriate sites for inland relocation of existing villages on the barriers islands of the Colombian Paci"c coast. ( 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved.
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    ¿Cómo puede el cambio climático afectar nuestros litorales?
    (2012) Abad Restrepo, Ana Cristina; Correa Arango, Iván Darío; Vidal Ramírez, Alejandra; Muriel Gil, Luisa Fernanda; Ana Cristiba Abad Restreppo (abad@eafit.edu.co); Iván Correa (icorrea@eafit.edu.co)
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    Desastres de origen natural en Colombia 1979-2004
    (Universidad EAFIT, Observatorio Sismológico del Suroccidente, OSSO, 2005) Hermelin Arbaux, Michel; Hermelin Arbaux, Michel
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    Diseño y desarrollo de una experiencia interactiva que trata el tema del comportamiento de edificaciones frente a sismos, para la sala Colombia Geodiversa del Parque Explora
    (2006) Uribe Dorado, José Ignacio; José Ignacio, Uribe Dorado; Londoño Vargas, Juan David; Peláez Castaño, Sebastián; Calle D’Alleman, Jorge Alberto
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    Effects of topography on 3D seismic ground motion simulation with an application to the Valley of Aburrá in Antioquia, Colombia
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2013) Restrepo Sánchez, Doriam Leidin; Jaramillo Fernández, Juan Diego
    This dissertation presents a numerical scheme based upon the finite element framework for the numerical modeling of earthquake-induced ground motion in the presence of realistic topographic variations of the Earth’s crust -- We show that by adopting a non-conforming meshing scheme for the numerical representation of the surficial topography we can obtain very accurate representations of earthquake induced ground motion in mountainous regions -- From the computational point of view, our methodology proves to be accurate, efficient, and more importantly, it allows us to preserve the salient features of multi-resolution cubic finite elements -- We implemented the non-conforming scheme for the treatment of realistic topographies into Hercules, the octree-based finite-element earthquake simulator developed by the Quake Group at Carnegie Mellon University -- We tested the benefits of the strategy by benchmarking its results against reference examples, and by means of convergence analyses -- Our qualitative and quantitative comparisons showed an excellent agreement between results -- Moreover, this agreement was obtained using the same mesh refinement as in traditional flat-free simulations -- Our approach was tested under realistic conditions by conducting a comprehensive set of deterministic 3D ground motion numerical simulations in an earthquake-prone region exhibiting moderate-to-strong surficial irregularities known as the Aburr´a Valley in Antioquia-Colombia -- We proposed a 50 50 25 km3 volume to perform our simulations, and four Mw = 5 rupture scenarios along a segment of the Romeral fault; a significant source of seismic activity of Colombia -- We created and used the Initial Velocity Model of the Aburr´a Valley region (IVM-AbV) which takes geology as a proxy for shear-wave velocity -- Each earthquake model was simulated using three different models: (i) realistic 3D structure with realistic topography; (ii) realistic 3D structure without topography; and (iii) homogeneous half space with realistic topography. Our results show how topographic irregularities greatly modify the ground response -- In particular, they highlight the importance of the combined interaction between source-effects, focusing, soft-soil conditions, and 3D topography -- We provide quantitative evidence of this interaction and show that topographic amplification factors at some locations can be as high as 500 percent, while some other areas experience reductions -- These are smaller than the amplifications, on the order of up to 100 percent
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    The Spectral Cell Method in Nonlinear Earthquake Modeling
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2016) Giraldo Cuartas, Daniel; Restrepo Sánchez, Doriam Leidin
    In this study we focus at examining an efficient high order finite element strategy to compute the dynamic response of heterogeneous basins under nonlinear soil behavior subjected to point-source earthquake events -- The numerical technique known as the Spectral Cell Method (SCM) combines Fictitious-Domains concepts with the Spectral-version of the finite element method to accurately solve the wave equations in heterogeneous geophysical domains -- We tested the SCM in physically and computationally challenging domains namely, (i) a semi-elliptical basin, and (ii) an undulated basin embedded in a half-space with several irregular geological structures with different material discontinuities -- Nonlinear behavior is considered by implementing a Mohr-Coulomb, and a Drucker- Prager yielding criteria -- We benchmark our simulations with results obtained using MIDAS GTS NX, a finite element tool for geotechnical applications based upon traditional boundary-fitted meshing techniques