Examinando por Materia "Soil conservation"

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    Ítem
    Estabilidad de taludes en suelos residuales evaluado en el corto y largo plazo
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2013) Orozco Olarte, Karla María; Echeverri Ramírez, Gloria Elena
    En este trabajo se presentan los resultados de los análisis de estabilidad de taludes obtenidos mediante la comparación en términos del factor de seguridad, con base en los métodos de equilibrio limite y el método de elemento finito, para lo cual, además de considerar diferentes procedimientos de cálculo, se incorporó los aspectos relacionados con los esfuerzos totales y esfuerzos efectivos -- Los análisis se desarrollaron para suelos residuales provenientes de rocas volcánicas de la formación Quebradagrande considerando valores pico y residual en seis casos con estado de esfuerzo diferentes, cuyos parámetros se obtuvieron a través de pruebas triaxiales en diferentes modalidades de carga y drenaje
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    Ítem
    The perils of human activity on South American deltas: Lessons from Colombia's experience with soil erosion
    (INT ASSOC HYDROLOGICAL SCIENCES, 2013-01-01) Restrepo A., Juan D.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería; Ciencias del Mar
    The Andean drainage basins of Colombian deltas exhibit a very delicate variety of ecosystems and environments along its prolonged trajectory, which has made it particularly vulnerable to the onslaught of modernity and human activity. While the increasing intensity of natural disasters in tropical areas is often blamed on global warming, the causes might not be as intractable. Soil erosion and deforestation, both caused by unrestrained human activity, can affect deltas more profoundly. Many anthropogenic influences, including deforestation, an agriculture and pasture increase by 75%, poor soil conservation and mining practices, may have accounted for the overall increasing trends of sediment transport from rivers to Colombian deltas. According to our recent study of human activities in terms of deforestation, 32% of the observed variance in sediment transport from the Magdalena River to its delta could be explained by deforestation. Thus, the amount of sediment transported by the Magdalena to its delta plain, approximately 50 Mt annually, is probably due to deforestation. Also, the Patia River in the Pacific coast has witnessed an increase in sediment transport by 45% during the last decade, an increase mainly accounted for by deforestation. Drawing from Colombia's experience with man-made ecological modifications, this paper offers a preliminary discussion on the implications of human pressure on fluvial ecosystems and their deltas, with the hope that this information will better equip citizens and policymakers across the developing world. Copyright © 2013 IAHS Press.