Examinando por Materia "RESIDUOS AGRÍCOLAS"

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    Ítem
    Evaluación del potencial adsorbente de la semilla de aguacate para la remoción de un colorante
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Salgado Durango, María Fernanda; Ospino Mulett, Gabriela María; Estrada Giraldo, Catalina
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    Publicación
    Producción de biopelículas a partir de biomasa residual de café con potencial aplicación en empaques
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2025) Torres Figueroa, Julián; Giraldo Estrada, Catalina
    The coffee industry generates enormous volumes of residual biomass, posing an environmental challenge while also offering an opportunity to obtain biopolymers. This study proposes valorizing coffee pulp by producing pectin-based biofilms with potential packaging applications. Pectin was extracted from the pulp of Coffea arabica (Caturra Chiroso variety) using 0.1 M H₂SO₄, and the effects of temperature (25–100 °C) and time (30–90 min) on extraction yield were evaluated. The optimal conditions—100 °C for 90 min—yielded 6.95 ± 0.78 %. The pectin obtained exhibited a degree of esterification of 59 ± 3.1 % and a methoxylation degree of 5.2 ± 0.4 %. Biofilms were produced by solvent casting, varying pectin concentrations (2–5 %) and sorbitol as a plasticizer (20–40 %), and assessing the resulting mechanical properties. For the best formulation tested (5 % pectin and 40 % sorbitol), a tensile strength of 2.28 ± 0.33 MPa and an elongation at break of 22.75 ± 3.29 % were obtained. The films displayed antioxidant activity (ABTS radical scavenging: 17.7 ± 2.2 %) and water-vapor permeability (5.44 ± 0.27 × 10⁻¹⁰ kg m⁻¹ s⁻¹ Pa⁻¹) comparable to similar biopolymers. Scanning electron microscopy revealed homogeneous, cavity-free structures, indicating component compatibility. These results demonstrate the potential of coffee pulp as a pectin source for biofilm production. Nevertheless, to meet packaging requirements, further research is recommended to enhance mechanical and functional properties through the incorporation of nanomaterials or a combination with other biopolymers, which could enable the development of a bioplastic with competitive performance and facilitate its substitution in the context of conventional plastics.