Examinando por Materia "Proyecto de exportación"

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    Estudio de prefactibilidad para la exportación de productos derivados de la caña de azúcar a Estados Unidos : caso El Galapal
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2025-11-21) Silva Sánchez, Fabián Armando; Escalante Gómez, Juan Esteban
    This thesis project aimed to develop a pre-feasibility study to evaluate the viability of an export process for sugarcane-derived products to the United States market for El Galapal company. For this purpose, a mixed-method research approach was conducted with descriptive scope and non-experimental design, analyzing through seven (7) studies (sectoral and environmental context – market – technical – organizational – legal – environmental – financial) the relevance of the initiative. The sectoral assessment revealed a favorable environment for panela exports, supported by the existence of a Free Trade Agreement with the United States and growth exceeding 8% annually in consumption of these products in that territory. Additionally, the U.S. market was identified as having potential demand of 45,000 tons annually, valued at USD 135 million (in which Colombia participates with only 8%). In organizational terms, it was found that the installed capacity (250 tons annually) allows for export initiation (with 60 tons for year 1, scaling up to 245 in year 5) while maintaining domestic operations, and that the artisanal process certified through ASME diagram documents 12 critical stages. The organizational study contemplated a structure of 17 permanent employees plus temporary workers during harvest season, with three strategic management areas: Exports (prospecting, negotiation, international logistics), Production (planning, quality control, certifications), and Administrative-Financial (accounting, finance, human resources). The legal study highlighted the importance of a binational framework (in Colombia: operation as S.A.S. with commercial registration, NIT, exporter RUT, and ANLA, INVIMA, ICA, GMP licenses; in the United States: CBP importer registration, FDA FSMA food facility registration, nutritional labeling 21 CFR 101, certified customs broker, APHIS phytosanitary compliance, EPA regulations, and Bioterrorism Act traceability). The environmental assessment identified positive impacts (biodiversity conservation through organic agriculture, green employment, bagasse utilization as biofuel, wastewater treatment) and negative impacts (energy consumption 40% carbon footprint, combustion emissions, water consumption 500 liters/ton, maritime transport emissions) derived from the project, while the five-year financial study demonstrated robust viability: NPV COP 3,024 million (12.5% rate), IRR 84.7% annually, B/C Ratio 2.28, Payback Period 1.22 years (with an initial investment of COP 573.5 million financed 65% with equity and 35% credit).