Examinando por Materia "Medicina regenerativa"

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    Ítem
    Computational Study of Cell Mobility and Transport Phenomena Through Textile Vascular Grafts Using a Multi-Scale Approach
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2015) Valencia Cardona, Raúl Adolfo; García Ruíz, Manuel Julio; Bustamante Osorno, John
    Textile vascular grafts are biomedical devices that serve as partial replacement of damaged arterial vessels, prevent aneurysms rupture and restore normal blood flow -- It is believed that the success of a textile vascular graft, in the healing process after implantation, is due to the porous micro-structure of the wall -- Among the key properties that take part in the tissue repair process are the type of fabric and degree of porosity and permeability, defining the ability of a well-controlled environment for the neovascularization, nutrient supply, and cellular transport -- Although the transport of fluids through textiles is of great technical interest in biomedical applications, little is known about predicting the micro-flow pattern and the transport and deposition of individual platelets, related with the graft occlusion -- Often, this information is difficult to obtain experimentally both in vivo and in vitro, representing a great deal of research efforts -- The aim of this work is to investigate how the type of fabric, permeability and porosity affect both the local fluid dynamics at several scales and the fluid-particle interaction among platelets in textile grafts with an anastomosis of end-to-end configuration -- Two types of samples were analyzed: woven and electrospun, this last one has been manufactured -- This study involves both experimental and computational tests -- The experimental tests were performed to characterize the permeability and porosity under static conditions -- The computational tests are based on a multiscale approach where the fluid flow was solved with the Finite Element Method and the discrete particles were solved with the Molecular Dynamic Method -- The fluid-particle interaction was accomplished in one-, two-, and four-ways, where the blood was considered as a suspension of platelets in plasma -- The textile wall was considered as a porous media with two scales of length: straight tubular structure with porous walls for the macro-domain and representative unit cells of fabric for the micro-domain. Additionally, it presents the implementation of a numerical case that includes one of the main applications of textile vascular grafts to repair Abdominal Aortic Aneurysms (AAA) -- The results have shown that the type of fabric in textile vascular grafts and the degree of porosity and permeability affect the local fluid dynamics and the level of penetration of platelet particles through the graft wall at several length scales, thus indicating their importance as design parameters -- It was found that the permeability is strongly depends on the micro-structure of the fabric, changing the local fluid dynamics and the time of residence of platelets inside the wall -- Moreover, the porous walls cause deviations from Poiseuille flow due to leakage flow through the wall from a macroscopic viewpoint -- Lastly, it was possible to observe that the textile wall with different porosities, acting like a barrier between the blood and an aneurysmal zone, affects the flow pattern, the number of platelets adhered to the artificial surface and the time of residence of platelets into the aneurysmal zone -- In conclusion, predicting the flow pattern and the mobility of blood cells through the textile wall before the graft is manufactured, the development of new textile grafts can be improved
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    Ítem
    Factibilidad financiera del servicio de procesamiento de células madre y factores de crecimiento de tejidos
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2016) Isaza Henao, Julián Alberto; Trespalacios Carrasquilla, Alfredo
    La Medicina Regenerativa con terapia celular es un componente del sector biotecnológico, que representa una innovadora alternativa para la curación de enfermedades para las cuales no se tienen soluciones eficientes con la medicina convencional y que genera enormes beneficios en las personas que requieren de un servicio médico innovador y eficiente -- Asimismo se ha convertido en una opción para las personas que desean cambios estéticos en sus cuerpos, pero que no están dispuestas a someterse a los inconvenientes de las cirugías tradicionales -- Se hace entonces necesaria la implementación de un servicio de procesamiento de Células Madre para regeneración de tejidos, que satisfaga las necesidades de las personas que no encuentran soluciones adecuadas a sus problemas estéticos o médicos en el marco de la medicina tradicional -- La creación e implementación de un servicio de estos requiere su respectivo análisis de factibilidad financiera -- El análisis de rentabilidad arroja un VPN de 155´068.758 COP -- Los indicadores muestran crecimiento en el horizonte de tiempo -- El análisis de riesgo indica que la probabilidad de que se presente ese valor de VPN o mayor es de 5,2%, la probabilidad de que sea menor es de 94,8% -- Igualmente el análisis de riesgos muestra una probabilidad de que el VPN sea positivo de 75,9% y de que sea negativo de 24,1%