Examinando por Materia "Environmental"
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Ítem Espacio público efectivo verde : propuesta de modelo de gestión para la generación de espacio público efectivo verde, transformando vías de uso vehicular en áreas de esparcimiento y encuentro de Medellín(Universidad EAFIT, 2022) Narvaez Hoyos, Manuela; Piedrahita Robledo, Víctor Hugo; Gómez García, Silvia ElenaTerritories historically lacking planning have been forced to implement contingency measures in various aspects of their ordering and development. Management plans are formulated focused more on the implementation of palliative and corrective measures, forgetting the efficiency of long-term, forward-looking exercises that properly address the territory. Seeking to respond to the transformation and loss of ecosystems, we must choose strategies that, together, result in qualified urban spaces as a response to the restructuring of green spaces. Several elements have an impact on the progressive deterioration of quality-of-life indexes and gradually degrade the socio-environmental conditions of spaces that become less and less inhabitable every day. This is when the absence of effective and disruptive interventions in the territory becomes evident, frequently resulting in phenomena associated with the deterioration of public health, the appearance of diseases usually linked to unhealthy lifestyles, the worsening of atmospheric conditions and the fast growth of settlements in an area with low support capacity. Besides, ground waterproofing, the emissions from mobile and industrial sources and the indiscriminate covering of natural water sources contribute to the generation of heat islands and the consequent negative effect on termic comfort. Based on a perceptive, experimental, deductive, contextual and normative analysis, this research project is developed based on a propositional diagnostic exercise with qualitative and quantitative aspects at the territorial level. This project identifies urban and environmental problems, with an emphasis on the significant lack of public spaces for recreation and human interactions at the municipal level, especially at the neighborhood scale. It is at this scale that the absence of green infrastructure becomes evident, one that actually contributes to ecosystem services and is properly articulated as the ecological backbone of the city, starting from the local level and reaching a more general scope. In this line, suitable tools are conceived for the construction of elements that favor good urban practices that are supported and welcomed by those who will make use of them. The evaluation of planning instruments resulted in an exercise that proposes the construction of a management model that makes it possible to develop a practical and effective tool for the transformation of streets currently devoted exclusively to vehicles into effective public spaces for recreation and encounters, with green infrastructure, soil recovery and tree cover that complement ecological connectivity. The goal is also to propose a replicable pilot for other cities with similar characteristics, contributing to the construction of the indicator of public space deficit and the adoption of effective green public space as the element of consolidation and assessment of the environmental and urban conditions of the territory.Ítem El impacto del score ESG en el desempeño financiero en compañías del sector de consumo discrecional en Latinoamérica(Universidad EAFIT, 2023) Rivera Aristizabal, Luis José; Baquero Rocha, Yeimy Paola; Yepes Raigosa, David AlejandroThis investigation evaluated whether there is any relationship between the ESG rating of companies with their market value and their financial performance. To validate this hypothesis, information from 143 Latin American companies related to the consumer discretionary sector was analyzed, in the period 2012-2021, on an annual basis. Through OLS regressions, it was found that the ESG rating has a statistically significant and positive effect on financial performance measured by Tobin's Q, showing that the market recognizes a premium over market value in those Companies that have an ESG score. Additionally, this work found that having a higher ESG rating does not have a significant effect on the financial performance of the companies analyzed, measured through ROE and ROA. However, through mean difference tests using the Welch test, it was observed that companies that implement ESG practices have better financial performance than those that do not implement any of these practices. These results indicate that while ESG performance can be important to a company’s overall market value, the lack of a meaningful relationship between ROE and ROA versus ESG ratings highlights that ESG ratings should not be viewed as the sole determinant of financial performance and that other factors must be taken into account, such as efficient cost management, leverage and market conditions.Ítem Multifactorial optimization of the decolorisation parameters of wastewaters resulting from dyeing flowers.(IWA PUBLISHING, 2009-01-01) Gil Pavas, Edison; Angel Gomez-Garcia, Miguel; Gil Pavas, Edison; Angel Gomez-Garcia, Miguel; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Ingeniería de Procesos; Procesos Ambientales (GIPAB)This work deals with the treatment of the wastewaters resulting from the process of dyeing flowers. In some local cases for growing flowers near to Medellin (Colombia), wastewater color was found to be one of the main problems in meeting local effluent standards. Wastewaters were treated by photodegradation process (which includes photocatalysis) to achieve the degradation of dyes mixture and organic matter in the wastewater. A multifactorial experimental design was proposed, including as experimental factors the following variables: pH, and the concentration of both catalyst (TiO(2)) and hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). According to the obtained results, at the optimized variables values, it is possible to reach a 99% reduction of dyes, a 76.9% of mineralization (TOC) and a final biodegradability of 0.834. Kinetic analysis allows proposing a pseudo first order reaction for the reduction, the mineralization, and the biodegradation processes.Ítem Proceso de ASC - CONTABILIDAD SOCIAL Y AMBIENTAL. FUNDAMENTACION TEORICA PARA EL CONTEXTO LOCAL(Universidad EAFIT, 2019) Ocampo-Salazar, Carmen; Garcia, Danny; Cardona-Hernández, Juan David; Universidad EAFITThe project's aim is to formulate the theoretical structure of a social and environmental accounting framework. This research is an alternative proposal to traditional accounting, which has its foundations and technological developments in a financial perspective, and is therefore reductionist and unable to inform and reflect other complex dynamics of organizations with social and environmental structures. The framework proposes to take social and environmental categories as central in the local context and framed within the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), considering research focused on human needs from the perspectives of Professors Max-Neef, Elizalde, and Hopenhayn (2010). Here, interdisciplinary work is necessary. The methodology involves strategies such as documentary research and discussion groups.