Examinando por Autor "Rios-Avila, Fernando"
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Ítem Intellectual property rights, foreign direct investment and the shadow economy(Universidad EAFIT, 2012-06-08) Canavire, Gustavo; Saravia, Antonio; Rios-Avila, Fernando; gcanavir@eafit.edu.coThe relationship between intellectual property rights (IPR) protection and foreign direct investment (FDI) continues to pose a challenging puzzle. While several studies have found that these two variables are positively correlated, others have not been able to find conclusive results or have found that the relationship is actually negative. We contend that a partial explanation of these contradictory results resides on institutional differences among host countries. We find that increases in IPR protection encourage FDI in countries in which the shadow (informal) economy represents a relatively small percentage of the country’s economy but it does not produce the same result in countries in which that percentage is relatively large. The size of the shadow economy is determined, in turn, by the quality of institutional variables such as the degree of bureaucracy, the level of corruption, and the extent of confiscatory taxation and political instability. We present empirical evidence supporting the results of our theoretical framework using threshold regression techniques on a sample of 94 countries and data for the 2000 - 2005 period.Ítem Standard Error Correction in Two-Stage Optimization Models: A Quasi-Maximum Likelihood Estimation Approach(Universidad EAFIT, 2017-05-01) Rios-Avila, Fernando; Canavire-Bacarreza, Gustavo; gcanavir@eafit.edu.coFollowing Wooldridge (2014), we discuss and implement in Stata an efficient maximum likelihood approach to the estimation of corrected standard errors of two-stage optimization models. Specifically, we compare the robustness and efficiency of this estimate using different non-linear routines already implemented in Stata such as ivprobit, ivtobit, ivpoisson, heckman, and ivregress.Ítem Unemployed, Now What? The Effect of Immigration on Unemployment Transitions of Native-born Workers in the United States(Universidad EAFIT, 2016-08-01) Rios-Avila, Fernando; Canavire-Bacarreza, Gustavo; gcanavir@eafit.edu.coAlthough one would expect the unemployed to be the population most likely affected by immigration, most of the studies have concentrated on investigating the effects immigration has on the employed population. Little is known of the effects of immigration on labor market transitions out of unemployment. Using the basic monthly Current Population Survey from 2001 and 2013 we match data for individuals who were interviewed in two consecutive months and identify workers who transition out of unemployment. We employ a multinomial model to examine the effects of immigration on the transition out of unemployment, using state-level immigration statistics. The results suggest that immigration does not affect the probabilities of native-born workers finding a job. Instead, we find that immigration is associated with smaller probabilities of remaining unemployed, but it is also associated with higher probabilities of workers leaving the labor force. This effect impacts mostly young and less educated people.Ítem Unions And Economic Performance In Developing Countries: Case Studies From Latin America(Universidad EAFIT, 2017-06-22) Rios-Avila, Fernando; Levy Economics Institute