Examinando por Autor "Norza, Ervyn"

Mostrando 1 - 2 de 2
  • No hay miniatura disponible
    Ítem
    Broken windows policing and crime: Evidence from 80 Colombian cities
    (Universidad EAFIT, 2021-09-01) Mejía, Daniel; Norza, Ervyn; Tobón Zapata, Santiago; Vanegas-Arias, Martín; Universidad de los Andes; Policía Nacional de Colombia; Universidad EAFIT; Universidad EAFIT
    We study the effects of broken windows policing on crime using geo-located crime and arrest reports for 80 Colombian cities. Broadly defined, broken windows policing consists of intensifying arrests—sometimes for minor offenses—to deter potential criminals. To estimate causal effects, we build grids of 200 × 200 meters over the urban perimeter of all cities and produce event studies to look at the effects of shocks in police activity in the periods to follow. We use spikes in the number of arrests with no warrant—which are more likely associated with unplanned police presence—as a proxy for shocks in broken windows policing. As expected, we observe an increase in crimes during the shock period, as each arrest implies at least one crime report. In the following periods, crimes decrease both in the place of the arrests and the surroundings. With many treated grids and many places exposed to spillovers, these effects add up. On aggregate, the crime reduction offsets the observed increase during the shock period. Direct effects are more immediate and precise at low crime grids, but beneficial spillovers seem more relevant at crime hot spots. The effects of broken windows policing circumscribe to cities with low or moderate organized crime, consistent with criminal organizations planning their activities more systematically than disorganized criminals.
  • No hay miniatura disponible
    Ítem
    The Evolution of Citizen Security in Colombia in Times of COVID-19
    (EAFIT University - Inter-American Development Bank, 2021-10-20) Alvarado, Nathalie; Norza, Ervyn; Perez-Vincent, Santiago M.; Tobón Zapata, Santiago; Vanegas-Arias, Martín; Inter-American Development Bank; National Police of Colombia; Inter-American Development Bank; EAFIT University; EAFIT University
    This technical note examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on crime and law enforcement dynamics in Colombia. The analysis uses administrative data on police reports and arrests for different types of offenses. It applies a “difference-in-differences” model, comparing the number of reports and arrests during the quarantine against their pre-quarantine trend. The results show a marked decline in homicides, motor vehicle theft, and other theft types in the initial weeks of the quarantine. The strong initial declines attenuated over time. The results reveal differences in crime dynamics between different regions of the country. The analysis also shows how COVID-19 modified police activity: arrests for offenses such as homicide and robbery decreased, and arrests due to threats to public health increased. This article contributes to a growing number of studies on the pandemic’s social impact and provides data and tools to inform citizen security and criminal justice policies.