Examinando por Autor "Gómez Toro, Catalina"
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Ítem Efecto de los Ingresos Permanentes sobre el Delito: Un Enfoque Espacial y un Caso de Aplicación(Universidad EAFIT, 2014-02-20) Gómez Toro, Catalina; Velásquez, Hermilson; Urrego, Joaquín Andrés; Valderrama, Juan DavidThis paper analyzes the impact of increment in the permanent income on crime in each spatial unit and their neighbors. Different specifications of spatial panel data are estimated to capture the effects of spatial distribution and income on crime. In the particular case of Medellin, the estimated impact of increase 1% in permanent income in specific commune is a decrease in crime near to 0,67%, and the effects of each neighbor are variable and significant. Tests statistics can show the robustness of the conclusions and the adequate specification of the model.Ítem Formación del precio de las transacciones internacionales de electricidad entre Colombia y Ecuador(Universidad EAFIT, 2012-07-31) Gómez Toro, Catalina; García Rendón, John JairoThis article describes the operation of the international electric transactions between Colombia and Ecuador, its principal regulation and the most important characteristics of both markets paying special attention to the price formation. There is also two econometrics exercises, principal component analysis and beta convergence, to see if there has been price convergence between these two countries showing that there is no price convergence between both markets.Ítem Formación del precio de las transacciones internacionales de electricidad entre Colombia y Ecuador(Universidad EAFIT, 2012-09-15) García, John J.; Gómez Toro, Catalina; Bohórquez, SantiagoThis article describes the operation of the international electric transactions between Colombia and Ecuador, its principal regulation and the most important characteristics of both markets paying special attention to the price formation. There is also two econometrics exercises, principal component analysis and beta convergence, to see if there has been price convergence between these two countries showing that there is no price convergence between both markets.Ítem Happiness and victimization in Latin America(Universidad EAFIT, 2016-09-05) Ortega, Carolina; Gómez, Daniel; Cardona-Sosa, Lina; Gómez Toro, Catalina; cgomezt1@eafit.edu.coIn recent decades, studies on economics have identified happiness as a life quality indicator that not only accounts for individuals’ socioeconomic improvement but also accounts for their interactions with institutions and public goods, such as personal safety and protection of life. This study examines the determinants of individual happiness of Latin American citizens by focusing on whether the individual had been a victim of a crime in the last twelve months. To do this, a generalized ordered logit with partial constraints is used to analyze data obtained from the Americas Barometer Survey of 2014. The individual self- reported level of life satisfaction is used to study its relationship with having been a victim of a crime during the previous year. The results suggest the existence of a negative relationship between having been a victim of a crime in the past twelve months and being very satisfied with life.Ítem Marijuana on Main Streets? The Story Continues in Colombia. An Endogenous Three-part Mode(Universidad EAFIT, 2023-06) Ramírez Hassan, Andrés; Gómez Toro, Catalina; Velásquez, Santiago; Tangarife Londoño, Katherin; Universidad EAFITCannabis is the most common illicit drug, and understanding its demand is relevant to analyze the potential implications of its legalization. This paper proposes an endogenous three-part model taking into account incidental truncation and access restrictions to study demand for marijuana in Colombia, and analyze the potential effects of its legalization. Our application suggests that modeling simultaneously access, intensive and extensive margin is relevant, and that selection into access is important for the intensive margin. We find that younger men that have consumed alcohol and cigarettes, living in a neighborhood with drug suppliers, and friends that consume marijuana face higher probability of having access and using this drug. In addition, we find that marijuana is an inelastic good (-0.45 elasticity). Our results are robust to different specifications and definitions. If marijuana were legalized, younger individuals with a medium or low risk perception about marijuana use would increase the probability of use in 3.8 percentage points, from 13.6% to 17.4%. Overall, legalization would increase the probability of consumption in 0.7 p.p. (2.3% to 3.0%). Different price settings suggest that annual tax revenues fluctuate between USD 11.0 million and USD 54.2 million, a potential benchmark is USD 32 million.Ítem Potencial efecto de la legalización de la marihuana sobre el consumo y el recaudo impositivo en Colombia(Universidad EAFIT, 2023-05) Ramírez Hassan, Andrés; Gómez Toro, Catalina; Velásquez, Santiago; Tangarife, Katherin; Universidad EAFIT; Escuela de Finanzas, Economía y Gobierno; Valor Público EAFITÍtem A Spatial Analysis to Permanent Income as Deterrent of Homicides: the case of Medellin City(Universidad EAFIT, 2016-05-04) Urrego, Joaquin A.; Gómez Toro, Catalina; Velásquez, Hermilson; cgomezt1@eafit.edu.co; evelas@eafit.edu.coThis paper studies the relationship between permanent income and homicides, estimating an income-crime elasticity. We assume that this elasticity varies across geographical areas. We estimate different specifications of Spatial Panel Models using information of urban areas in Medellin (Colombia), areas known as communes. Spatial Models consider the importance of location and the type of neighbors of each commune. We simulate an intervention over permanent income in order to estimate the income elasticity for each commune and the average elasticity of income-crime on the city. We provide evidence about spatial dependence between the homicides per commune and their neighbors, and about a relationship between homicides and neighbor’s income. In our case of study, the average estimated impact of 1% increase in permanent income in a specific commune produces a decrease in the homicide rate on average in 0.39%. Finally, permanent income plays a crime deterrent role, but also this effect of income on crime varies across the city, showing that some areas are strategically located to this kind of intervention.