Examinando por Autor "Escobar-Pemberthy N."
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Ítem Implementation of multilateral environmental agreements: Rationale and design of the environmental conventions index(MDPI AG, 2020-01-01) Escobar-Pemberthy N.; Ivanova M.Global environmental conventions are created to address and resolve global environmental problems. Assessments of the achievement of specific environmental goals, however, indicate that there is room for progress and that improved collective action is required. Given the few existing studies that measure the implementation of international environmental law, it is important to expand existing analytical frameworks about international environmental agreements and their translation into national policies. This article explains the rationale and design of the Environmental Conventions Index, an implementation measurement tool we have developed at the Center for Governance and Sustainability at the University of Massachusetts Boston. The Index assesses the implementation of global environmental conventions in two clusters-conservation and pollution-showcasing the main trends for both countries and conventions. Using a mixed-method approach, we explain the development of this measurement tool as an instrument to inform policy changes at the national and global levels and present aggregate results of the analysis. As global environmental challenges in the conservation of natural resources and the persistence of pollutants become critical, assessment of countries' performance on international environmental goals is essential. We offer an innovative method that provides academic analysis and policy input to improve implementation, and thus the effectiveness of these governance instruments in addressing global environmental challenges. © 2020 by the authors.Ítem International Business, Trade and the Nagoya Protocol: Best Practices and Challenges for Sustainability in Access and Benefit-Sharing(Springer, 2020-01-01) Escobar-Pemberthy N.; Calle Saldarriaga M.A.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Administración; Estudios InternacionalesBiodiversity is critical for international trade, businesses and investment. However, the issue of their ownership and exploitation has been a matter of debate. Specifically, the access to biodiversity resources and the distribution of the associated benefits are at the core of the environmental economics debate. Since 1992, the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) established regulations for the access and benefits-sharing of genetic resources, which materialized in the 2010 Nagoya Protocol. In 2015, as part of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Goal 15 renewed countries’ commitment to the promotion of appropriate access to genetic resources, and equitable and fair sharing of the associated benefits, calling for countries to adopt the policy and strategic frameworks to implement the ABS regime. Using examples from developing countries in Latin America and the Caribbean, this chapter explains how the ABS regime is being implemented in relation to international business and trade, and analyzes how it brings opportunities, best practices and challenges in order for these countries to improve the balance in the relationship between biodiversity conservation and economic activities. These new circumstances support the identification of actions that governments and international business actors can follow to effectively use the ABS regime as a policy instruments that contribute to sustainability through the implementation of economic and environmental regulations. © 2020, Springer Nature Switzerland AG.Ítem The UN, global governance and the SDGs(Taylor and Francis, 2017-01-01) Ivanova M.; Escobar-Pemberthy N.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Administración; Estudios Internacionales[No abstract available]