Examinando por Autor "Botero C.M."
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Ítem An evaluation of human interventions in the anthropogenically disturbed Caribbean Coast of Colombia(Elsevier Ltd, 2019-01-01) Pereira C.I.; Madrid D.A.; Correa I.D.; Pranzini E.; Botero C.M.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Geología; Ciencias del MarAlthough human interventions have influenced many coastal areas around the world, research has rarely assessed the environmental impacts of these anthropogenic perturbations. To understand the dominant coastal interventions in countries with tropical areas, this study established a baseline along the continental Caribbean coast of Colombia (approximates 1700 km), based on 29 types of human interventions cataloged via Google Earth images. In total, of the 2742 human interventions identified, the most common were low-density-settlements (n = 971), groins (n = 738), and luxury settlements with piers (n = 188). In addition, the study assessed the environmental impact of each type of intervention based on the extent, intensity, reversibility, and persistence of their effect on coastal processes, as well as their frequency of appearance in the study area. The three most impactful types of human intervention were equivalent to those with the highest frequency: a. Low-density settlements; b. Groins/Jetties; c. Luxury settlements with a pier. In addition, the highest values of environmental impact correspond to material extractions and infrastructure assets such as breakwaters and seawalls. None of these anthropogenic disturbances, however, were within the ten most impactful interventions identified in the study area. The socio-natural patterns of coastal development identified by this study can steer integrated environmental management in coastal tropical countries with rapid economic growth, diversity of human interventions and heterogeneous geographical distribution. © 2019 Elsevier LtdÍtem Improving a decree law about coastal zone management in a small island developing state: The case of Cuba(Elsevier Ltd, 2019-01-01) Batista C.M.; Pereira C.I.; Botero C.M.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Geología; Ciencias del MarCuba is one of the few countries from the Small Island Developing States in the Caribbean region having solid coastal legislation: Decree Law 212 (DL-212) entitled “Coastal Zone Management”. However, that legal framework presents some deficiencies that need to be improved, wherefore an analysis of the major features of DL-212 and the identification of its main issues were conducted in the present study; some ways of implementing the DL-212 in the country were assessed as well. Regarding the Land-Sea Interaction, this work proposes a set of four variables linking geomorphological and human criteria with the aim of improving coastal zone characterization and boundary delimitation. The set of four variables falls into six types of Coastal Geomorphic-typological Units, which are also sub-classified according to the physical aspects and level of territorial urbanization of the Units. Standard nomenclature about boundaries, territorial planning in relation to land-sea interaction is provided in the present research, as well as nine guidelines and eleven recommendations for institutions responsible for physical use planning to implement, in order to obtain a better understanding and implementation of DL-212. The study makes a great contribution to decision-making processes regarding Land-Use Planning, Integrated Coastal Zone Management, and Marine Spatial Planning for future implementation in other Small Island Developing States. © 2018 Elsevier LtdÍtem Regulating human interventions in Colombian coastal areas: Implications for the environmental licensing procedure in middle-income countries(Elsevier Inc., 2019-01-01) Pereira C.I.; Carvajal A.F.; Milanés Batista C.; Botero C.M.; Universidad EAFIT. Departamento de Geología; Ciencias del MarAlthough anthropogenic impacts could be assessed in any environment, coastal areas pose a particular challenge because of their special nature as the interface between land and sea. Therefore, this study evaluates the environmental regulatory framework for coastal interventions in Colombia, as an archetype of medium income countries (MICs), to derive implications for the environmental licensing procedure (ELP). The methods comprised two simultaneous pathways: a. An inventory of human interventions at the large scale area of the Colombian Caribbean Coast, with an estimation of the overall environmental impact; b. An analysis of the ELP in Colombia during the last 25 years. The study evidences several weaknesses, such as a consistent reduction in the number of works and activities covered in each new legislative. Moreover, the Colombian ELP currently regulates only four of the ten types of interventions with greater effect in its coastal zones. The discussions highlight some policy implications for the ELP in MICs, mainly based on how the impact of a type of intervention can be magnified in proportion to its frequency of occurrence, and the need to articulate instruments of environmental management and territorial planning. At last, the need to evolve the impact assessment of human interventions from environmental factors toward socio-natural processes is evidenced and further addressed, by the introduction of a susceptibility approach inspired on geomorphological processes. Overall, this study highlights important gaps of the Colombian ELP for coastal environments, which entails valuable lessons for MICs. © 2019